Sustainable synthesis and applications of polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) from biomass |
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Affiliation: | 1. Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, China;2. Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Physical Sciences, University of Calabar, Calabar, Nigeria;3. Department of Chemical Sciences, Tai Solarin University of Education, Ijagun, Ogun State, Nigeria;4. School of Sciences, Tai Solarin College of Education, Omu-Ijebu, Nigeria;5. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Nigeria;1. Department of Applied Sciences, National Textile University, Faisalabad 37610, Pakistan;2. School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Ulster, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Northern Ireland, UK;1. Molecular Biology and Biochemical Engineering Department, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Ed. 22 Ctra. deUtrera, km. 1, Seville, Spain;2. Instituto de Grasa, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Campus Universitario Pablo de Olavide, Ed. 46, Ctra. deUtrera, km. 1, Seville, Spain;3. The University of Seville, Higher Technical School of Engineering, Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Camino de losDescubrimientos, s/n, Seville, Spain;1. Engineering Department, Palermo University, Viale delle Scienze, Ed.8, 90128 Palermo, Italy;2. Departament d’Enginyeria Química, Biològica i Ambiental, Escola d’Enginyeria, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellatera (Barcelona), Spain;1. Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA;2. Sustainable Polymer & Innovative Composite Materials Research Group, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, King Mongkut’s University of Technology Thonburi, Bangkok 10140, Thailand;3. Department of Chemistry, Southern Illinois University Edwardsville, Edwardsville, IL 62026, USA;4. Depatrtmemt of Wood Science, University of British Columbia, Vancouver V6T 1Z4, Canada |
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Abstract: | Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) belong to group of biopolymers that have in recent times received growing research interest as a result of being eco-friendly and close characteristics with petrochemical based plastics. Alternatives to utilization of synthetic plastics are being explored since synthetic plastics are non-recyclable and non-biodegradable in nature. One of the innovations of Green Chemistry is utilization of renewable feedstocks such as biomass to achieve sustainable development with future circular economy. Bio-based products are of great interest to sustainable development as a result of diminishing fossil fuel reserves and rising environmental concerns. This review summarizes the productions of PHAs from renewable feedstocks such as lignocellulose, crude glycerol, levulinic acid (LA), palm-oil mill effluents (POME) and waste oils. The production of bio-based polymers has become much more professional and differentiated in recent years. Presently, there are bio-based alternatives for practically every application, therefore, this review presents applications of PHA in bio-refinery, medical sectors, agriculture sector, construction industry, and in packaging industry. The cost analysis of PHA from renewable sources with commercially available ones and potential to attain circular economy were also stressed. The reasons for this shift are connected to the non-renewability of fossil-based resources, the deteriorating environmental impacts, and the lack of biodegradability of the petroleum-produced materials. |
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Keywords: | Polyhydroxyalkanoates(PHAs) Polyhydroxybutyrate Polymers Lignocellulosic biomass Plastics Bio-based polymers Environment Biodegradation Biocompatible Enantiomeric Piezoelectric Elastomeric |
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