植物染色体高分辨G-带技术研究

本文对植物染色体高分辨 G-带技术进行了比较系统的研究,并首次运用改良的尿素法在野生一粒小麦、玉米、蚕豆、吊兰、川百合等多种植物上诱导出 G-带,带纹清晰,数目多,分布在染色体全长上。前期染色体带呈颗粒状,中期染色体呈明显带状,与哺乳动物染色体 G-带很相似。G-带的数目取决于染色体浓缩程度,中期染色体一条深带到晚前期可显示出2.67条亚带。作者同时比较了胰酶法与尿素法的显带效果。认为两种方法显示的带纹基本相同,尿素法比胰酶法作用温和,显带时间长达数分钟,易于掌握,重复性高,具有更高的应用价值。

A STUDY OF THE HIGH-RESOLUTION G-BANDING TECHNIQUE OF PLANT CHROMOSOMES

In this paper,the authors make a systematic study on the High-Resolution G-banding tech- nique of plant chromosomes.The improved urea method was successfully used for the first time to introduce G-banding in Triticum boeoticum,Zea mays,Vicia faba,Chlorophytum ce- pense,Lilium davidii,and some other plants.The G-bands which distribute in the entire length of the chromosomes are clear and abundant.They display granular state in the prophase and banded state in the metaphase.The G-bands described above are quite similar to those of mam- malian chromosomes.The number of G-bands is dependent on the degree of chromosomal con- traction.Another feature observed is that one dark band seen in the metaphase could be distingu- ished to 2.67 subbands in the late prophase. The band showing effects of the urea method have been compared with those of the trypsin method.The result indicates that the bands shown with these two methods are basically identi- cal.But the effect of urea is much more mitigative than that of trypsin.The band showing time of urea is as long as several minutes.So it is easy to be controled and repeated.Therefore, the urea method has a higher applied value in the study of High-Resolution G-bands of plant chromosomes at present.