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Half marathon induces changes in central control and peripheral properties of individual motor units in master athletes
Institution:1. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Research Centre for Neuromuscular Function and Adapted Physical Activity “Teresa Camplani”, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy;2. Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK;3. School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy;1. Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland at College Park, College Park, MD, USA;2. Department of Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;3. Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA;4. Faculty of Biomedical and Rehabilitation Engineering, University of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, Qingdao, Shandong, China;5. Department of Rehabilitation Sciences and Technology, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, WI, USA;6. Guangdong Work Injury Rehabilitation Center, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China;7. Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Maryland at Baltimore, Baltimore, MD, USA;1. Department of Kinesiology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada;2. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Universita degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy;3. Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada;1. Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Science, Chukyo University, 101 Tokodachi, Kaizu-cho, Toyota-shi, Aichi 470-0393, Japan;2. Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Maribor, Koro?ka cesta 46, 2000 Maribor, Slovenia;3. Toyota Motor Corporation, 1 Toyotacho, Toyota-shi, Aichi 471-8571, Japan;1. Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg, Denmark;2. Neural Engineering Research Laboratory, Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil;3. Department of Electronics and Biomedical Engineering, School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brazil;4. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil;5. Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Research Centre for Neuromuscular Function and Adapted Physical Activity “Teresa Camplani”, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy;1. Department of Sports Medicine and Sports Orthopaedics, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany;2. Department of Neurorehabilitation Engineering, Bernstein Focus Neurotechnology Göttingen (BFNT), Bernstein Centre for Computational Neuroscience (BCCN), University Medical Center Göttingen, Georg-August University, Göttingen, Germany;3. Pain Clinic, Center for Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany
Abstract:Acute changes in central control and peripheral properties of motor units following a half-marathon has never been examined in master athletes. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to estimate the firing properties and twitch characteristics of motor units after a 21-km race in a group of ten trained older adults. High-density surface EMG decomposition was used to identify motor unit activity during a submaximal contraction of the tibialis anterior muscle before and after the half marathon. The area of the estimated motor unit twitch profile was found smaller after the race (P = 0.039). This reduction in contractile efficiency was compensated by a significant increase in the initial and average discharge rate of the identified motor units (P < 0.001). By estimating the amount of shared and independent synaptic input to tibialis anterior motor neurons, we demonstrated that adaptations in the discharge properties of master athletes’ motor units are the likely consequence of an increased net excitatory synaptic drive to the motor neuron pool. These findings suggest a potential role of long-distance running in ameliorating declines in muscle function of older adults by enhancing the neural drive to muscle.
Keywords:Motor unit  Marathon  High-density surface electromyography  Tibialis anterior  Twitch  Force  Peripheral
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