Adaptive trunk sway velocities following repeated perturbations in subjects with and without low back pain |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Physical Therapy/Motion Analysis Center, Herbert H. and Grace A. Dow College of Health Professions, Central Michigan University, Health Professions Building, 1220 Mt. Pleasant, MI 48859, United States;2. Department of Health Sciences, Central Michigan University, United States;1. Department of Intramural Research, American Cancer Society, Atlanta, GA;2. The Cooper Institute, Dallas, TX;3. University of Texas School of Public Health, Austin;4. Department of Kinesiology, College of Education, University of Georgia, Athens;1. Department of Orthopaedics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;2. Laboratory for Kinematics and Neuromechanics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;3. Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;4. Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands;1. School of Health Professions, Institute of Physiotherapy, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Winterthur, Zurich, Switzerland;2. Rehabilitation Center for Children and Adolescents, University Children?s Hospital Zurich, Affoltern am Albis, Zurich, Switzerland;1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Akita Hospital, 2–6-12 Takara, Chiryu City, Aichi 472–0056, Japan;2. Department of Rehabilitation, Akita Hospital, Chiryu, Japan;3. Department of Rehabilitation and Care, Seijoh University, 2–172 Fukinodai, Tokai City, Aichi 476–8588, Japan;1. Department of Mechanical, Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy;2. Multiple Sclerosis Centre, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy;1. Division of Rehabilitation Science, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE MMC 388, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States;2. Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E River Rd, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States;3. School of Statistics, University of Minnesota, 224 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States;4. Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE MMC 388, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States |
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| Abstract: | Faster trunk motions could be a strategy to prevent loss of balance and fall injuries due to unexpected perturbations. However, it is unclear how trunk sway velocities can be compensated during stepping in subjects with low back pain (LBP). The purpose of this study was to investigate lower limb reaction, swing, and step times, as well as trunk sway velocities at heel strike and toe-off, following repeated step perturbations between subjects with and without LBP. There were 30 subjects with LBP and 42 control subjects who were exposed to treadmill-induced perturbations at a velocity of 0.12 m/sec for 0.62 m. The treadmill-induced steps caused subjects to walk forward for 4.90 sec after the perturbation. The groups demonstrated significant interactions on the lower limb reaction times and on the number of repeated perturbations (F = 4.83, p = 0.03) due to a decreased step time at the first perturbation (t = 2.52, p = 0.01) in the LBP group. For the trunk sway velocities, the repeated perturbations demonstrated a significant interaction between groups (F = 4.65, p = 0.03). This adaptive trunk strategy for gait stability increased step times with repeated perturbations in the LBP group. The group interactions on the trunk sway velocities also indicated a possible somatosensory integration for step time adjustments to avoid potential fall hazards. This adaptive response with repeated step perturbations could result in compensatory trunk sway for gait stability. |
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| Keywords: | Trunk sway velocities Perturbations Low back pain Motor learning Reaction time Swing time Step time |
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