Samarium doped titanium dioxide nanoparticles as theranostic agents in radiation therapy |
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| Institution: | 1. Discipline of Medical Radiations, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia;2. Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuou-ku, Kobe City, Hyogo 650-0017, Japan;3. Discipline of Human Bioscience, School of Health and Biomedical Sciences, RMIT University, Bundoora, Victoria 3083, Australia;4. Discipline of Physics, School of Science, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia;5. Australian Radiation Protection and Nuclear Safety Agency, Yallambie, Victoria 3085, Australia;6. Alfred Health Radiation Oncology, The Alfred, Melbourne, Victoria 3004, Australia;7. Applied Chemistry and Translational Biomaterials Group, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia;8. Department of Chemical Science and Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, Kobe University, 1-1 Rokkoudaicho, Nadaku, Kobe City, Hyogo 657-8501, Japan;1. Tohoku University, Institute for Materials Research, 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan;2. C&A Corporation, T-Biz, 6-6-10 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;3. Tohoku University, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, 6-6-10 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;4. Institute of Physics CAS, Cukrovarnicka 10, 16253 Prague, Czech Republic;1. Radiological and Medical Laboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan;2. Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University Hospital, Japan;3. Department of Radiation Physics, Hyogo Ion Beam Medical Center, Japan;1. Department of Physics, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, China;2. School of Physics Science & Technology, Lingnan Normal University, Zhanjiang 524048, China;1. Tohoku University, Institute for Materials Research, 2-1-1 Katahira Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8577, Japan;2. C&A Corporation, T-Biz, 6-6-40 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;3. Tohoku University, New Industry Creation Hatchery Center, 6-6-10 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8579, Japan;4. Institute of Physics CAS, Cukrovarnicka 10, 16253, Prague, Czech Republic;1. Department of Physics “Ettore Pancini”, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Piazzale Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy;2. SPIN-CNR of Napoli, Complesso di Monte Sant''Angelo, 80126 Napoli, Italy;3. Istituto Motori-CNR, Via G. Marconi 4, 80125 Napoli, Italy;4. Department of Chemical Engineering, Materials and Industrial Production, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, P.le Tecchio 80, 80125 Napoli, Italy;5. MIUR, Italy |
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| Abstract: | PurposeTitanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2 NPs) have been investigated for their role as radiosensitisers for radiation therapy. The study aims to increase the efficiency of these NPs by synthesising them with samarium.MethodsSamarium-doped TiO2 NPs (Ti(Sm)O2 NPs) were synthesised using a solvothermal method. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) were performed for characterising of the Ti(Sm)O2 NPs. The intracellular uptake and cytotoxicity were assessed in vitro using A549 and DU145 cancer cell lines. Furthermore, the effect of dose enhancement and generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in response to 6 MV X-rays was evaluated. Additionally, the image contrast properties were investigated using computed tomography (CT) images.ResultsThe synthesised Ti(Sm)O2 NPs were about 13 nm in diameter as determined by TEM. The XRD pattern of Ti(Sm)O2 NPs was consistent with that of anatase-type TiO2. EDS confirmed the presence of samarium in the nanoparticles. At 200 μg/ml concentration, no differences in cellular uptake and cytotoxicity were observed between TiO2 NPs and Ti(Sm)O2 NPs in both A549 and DU145 cells. However, the combination of Ti(Sm)O2 NPs and X-rays elicited higher cytotoxic effect and ROS generation in the cells than that with TiO2 NPs and X-rays. The CT numbers of Ti(Sm)O2 NPs were systematically higher than that of TiO2 NPs.ConclusionsThe Ti(Sm)O2 NPs increased the dose enhancement of MV X-ray beams than that elicited by TiO2 NPs. Samarium improved the efficiency of TiO2 NPs as potential radiosensitising agent. |
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| Keywords: | Nanoparticles Radiation therapy Titanium dioxide Samarium |
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