DNA barcoding of the northern Northeast Atlantic skates (Chondrichthyes,Rajiformes), with remarks on the widely distributed starry ray |
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| Authors: | Arve Lynghammar Jørgen S Christiansen Andrew M Griffiths Svein‐Erik Fevolden Haakon Hop Torkild Bakken |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, , 9037 Troms?, Norway;2. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, University Museum, , NO‐7491 Trondheim, Norway;3. Department of Biosciences – Environmental and Marine Biology, ?bo Akademi University, , FI‐20500 Turku, Finland;4. School of Environment & Life Sciences, University of Salford, , M5 4WT Salford, UK;5. Norwegian Polar Institute, Fram Centre, , 9296 Troms?, Norway |
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| Abstract: | The skate fauna in the northern Northeast (NE) Atlantic is poorly investigated, and misidentifications are common. Here, ‘DNA barcoding’ was used to analyse 105 specimens of 15 species previously reported from the area to investigate the occurrence of species. Of these 15 species, three were new to the region and confirmed with voucher specimens. Three previously reported taxa were not obtained from the study area, providing a total number of 12 skate species for the northern NE Atlantic. Only one specimen of the critically endangered Dipturus batis complex was found. It occurs frequently in the literature and commercial fisheries catch records, and we argue that the vast majority of these are misidentifications. Due to striking differences in Amblyraja radiata life history parameters across the North Atlantic, cryptic species diversity has previously been suspected. A total of 80 A. radiata cytochrome c oxidase subunit I sequences from across the North Atlantic were sampled, and the highest fixation index (FST) was found when maximising geographical distance (FST = 0.133). A lower index was found when grouped according to life history (FST = 0.067). These results are not strongly supportive for the occurrence of cryptic species. |
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