Lipid changes after leaf wounding in Arabidopsis thaliana: expanded lipidomic data form the basis for lipid co‐occurrence analysis |
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Authors: | Hieu Sy Vu Sunitha Shiva Mary R Roth Pamela Tamura Lianqing Zheng Maoyin Li Sujon Sarowar Samuel Honey Dedan McEllhiney Paul Hinkes Lawrence Seib Todd D Williams Gary Gadbury Xuemin Wang Jyoti Shah Ruth Welti |
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Institution: | 1. Kansas Lipidomics Research Center, Division of Biology, Kansas State University, , Manhattan, KS, 66506 USA;2. Department of Statistics, Kansas State University, , Manhattan, KS, 66506 USA;3. Department of Biology, University of Missouri, , St. Louis, MO, 63121 USA;4. Donald Danforth Plant Science Center, , St. Louis, MO, 63132 USA;5. Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, , Denton, TX, 76203 USA;6. Waters Corporation, , Milford, MA, 01757 USA;7. Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, University of Kansas, , Lawrence, KS, 66045 USA |
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Abstract: | A direct‐infusion electrospray ionization triple–quadrupole mass spectrometry method with multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) was employed to measure 264 lipid analytes extracted from leaves of Arabidopsis thaliana subjected to mechanical wounding. The method provided precise measurements with an average coefficient of variation of 6.1%. Lipid classes analyzed comprised galactolipids and phospholipids (including monoacyl molecular species, molecular species with oxidized acyl chains, phosphatidic acids (PAs)), tri‐ and tetra‐galactosyldiacylglycerols (TrGDGs and TeGDGs), head‐group‐acylated galactolipids, and head‐group‐acylated phosphatidylglycerol (acPG), sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerols (SQDGs), sphingolipids, di‐ and tri‐acylglycerols (DAGs and TAGs), and sterol derivatives. Of the 264 lipid analytes, 254 changed significantly in response to wounding. In general, levels of structural lipids decreased, whereas monoacyl molecular species, galactolipids and phosphatidylglycerols (PGs) with oxidized fatty acyl chains, PAs, TrGDGs, TeGDGs, TAGs, head‐group‐acylated galactolipids, acPG, and some sterol derivatives increased, many transiently. The observed changes are consistent with activation of lipid oxidizing, hydrolyzing, glycosylating, and acylating activities in the wounding response. Correlation analysis of the levels of lipid analytes across individual control and treated plants was used to construct a lipid dendrogram and to define clusters and sub‐clusters of lipid analytes, each composed of a group of lipids which occurred in a coordinated manner. Current knowledge of metabolism supports the notion that observed sub‐clusters comprise lipids generated by a common enzyme and/or metabolically downstream of a common enzyme. This work demonstrates that co‐occurrence analysis, based on correlation of lipid levels among plants, is a powerful approach to defining lipids generated in vivo by a common enzymatic pathway. |
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Keywords: |
Arabidopsis thaliana
lipidomics direct‐infusion triple– quadrupole mass spectrometry leaf wounding oxidized lipids glycerolipids sterol derivatives Spearman's correlation lipid clustering dendrogram technical advance |
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