Bovine spongiform encephalopathy: epidemiological factors associated with the emergence of an important new animal pathogen in Great Britain |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Botany, Arunachal University of Studies, Namsai, Arunachal Pradesh, India;2. Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Arunachal University of Studies, Namsai, Arunachal Pradesh, India;3. Biotechnology Group, Biotechnological Science & Technology Division, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhat, Assam, India;4. Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Agriculture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, P. R. China;1. School of Science, P. P. Savani University, Surat, Gujarat, India;2. Industrial Waste Water Research Lab, Environ Technology Limited, Ankleshwar, Gujarat, India;3. School of Agriculture, P. P. Savani University, Surat, Gujarat, India;1. Laboratory of Mycopathology and Microbial Technology, Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India;2. Division of Crop Improvement and Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Vegetable Research, Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), Varanasi, India;1. Posgrado en Ciencias del Mar y Limnología UNAM, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;2. I+D Bio, Mérida, Yucatán, Mexico;3. Laboratorio de Ecogenonomica Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Bovine spongiform encephalopathy was first recognized in Great Britain in 1986. Subsequent studies indicated that this novel disease was a transmissible spongiform encephalpathy associated with a scrapie-like agent. Epidemiological studies indicated that the vehicle of infection for cattle was ruminant derived protein included in commercial feedstuffs and that the probable origin of infection was sheep scrapie. Further exposure from this food-borne source was prevented in July 1988 by legislation. The effects of this intervention became apparent first in 1991 and have been substantiated subsequently. In the period before the legislative action it is apparent that the epidemic was enhanced by the recycling of subclinically infected cattle tissues, exposure commencing from this source in 1984/85 following the initial effective exposure in 1981/82. The effects of this recycling, together with a discussion of the resultant working hypotheses, are described. |
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