Molecular views of Arf-like small GTPases in cilia and ciliopathies |
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Authors: | Qing Zhang Jinghua Hu Kun Ling |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;2. NIH Mayo Translational PKD Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA;3. Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA |
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Abstract: | The primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that protrude from most of the eukaryotic cells. Recognized as the cell's antenna, primary cilium functions as a signaling hub for many physiologically and developmentally important signaling cascades. Ciliary dysfunction causes a wide spectrum of syndromic human genetic diseases collectively termed “ciliopathies”. Mounting evidences have shown that various small GTPases have been implicated in the context of cilia as well as human ciliopathies. However, how these small GTPases affect cilia formation and function remains poorly understood. Here we review and discuss the ciliary role of three Arf-like small GTPases (Arls), Arl3, Arl6, and Arl13b. |
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Keywords: | Arl Small GTPase Ciliopathy Cilia |
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