中缝核与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停关系的实验研究

本实验在６４只氨基甲酸乙酯麻醉、断双侧迷走神经、自主呼吸的健康家兔上进行，观察电、化学刺激中缝背核（ＮＲＤ）、中缝大核（ＮＲＭ）对颏舌肌和膈肌肌电、以及窒息增幅反应（ＡＡＲＡ）的作用。结果如下：１．长串电脉冲刺激ＮＲＤ，颏舌肌和膈肌肌电幅度明显升高，在刺激过程中呈持续性吸气相放电。长串电脉冲刺激ＮＲＭ，颏舌肌和膈肌肌电幅度显著抑制，呼吸节律减弱或消失；２．于ＮＲＤ微量注入谷氨酸钠，颏舌肌和膈肌肌电幅度升高，频率加快。在ＮＲＭ微量注射谷氨酸钠，ＡＡＲＡ降低。上述结果与电刺激ＮＲＤ、ＮＲＭ的效应基本一致；３．ＮＲＭ内微量注入吗啡，颏舌肌和膈肌的ＡＡＲＡ峰值被抑制，潜伏期延长，恢复期缩短。若注射吗啡后５ｍｉｎ再微量注入纳络酮，则吗啡的抑制效应减弱。结果提示：中缝核和阿片肽类物质对颏舌肌有重要的调制作用，可能与阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停的发生有关

THE EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF RALATIONSHIP BETWEEN RAPHE NUCLEUS AND OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP APNEA (OSA)

The experiments were done on 64 urethane anaesthetized, vagotomied, spontaneously breathing healthy rabbits. The effects of electrical and chemical stimulation at nucleus rape dorsalis(NRD) and nucleus raphe magnus(NRM) on genioglossus and phrenic muscle activities and amplitude augmenting response to apnea (AARA) were observed. The results were as follows: 1. Integrated genioglossus and phrenic muscle activities were excited by a long train electrical stimulation at NRD, nevertheless were inhi bited by stimulation at NRM; 2. Microinjection of glutamate increased the amplitude and frequency of integrated genioglossus and phrenic muscle activities at NRD and decreased the AARA at NRM. The results of microinjection of glutamate were similar to those of electrical stimulation; 3.The AARA were depressed with the peak amplitude decreased, the latency duration prolonged and the recovery duration shortened when morphine was given at NRM. The depression effects were reduced by adiministration of nalaxone. The results suggest that raphe nucleus and opioid peptide may involve in the central modulation of the genioglossus activity and may play an important role in the OSA formation.