Artificial insemination in Callithrix jacchus using fresh or cryopreserved sperm |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Reproductive Biology, German Primate Centre, Kellnerweg 4, D-37077 Göttingen, Germany;2. Institute of Zoology, Regents Park, London NW1 4RY, UK;1. Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, 44 West Wenhua Road, Jinan 250012, Shandong Province, China;2. Pharmaceutical Preparation Section, Hospital of Laiwu Steel Group, Laiwu 271126, Shandong Province, China;1. Universitat de València, Departament de Biologia Funcional i Antropologia Física, Burjassot 46100, Spain;2. Departament de R+D de PROISER R+D, Paterna 46980, Spain;1. Medical School, University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, United Kingdom;2. IVF Center, Mali Hospital, Haikou, China;1. Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA;2. Laboratory of Toxicology, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, Virginia–Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA;1. Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Resistance Nutrition of the Ministry of Education of China, Institute of Animal Nutrition, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan 611130, China;2. Tongwei Group Co., Ltd, Hi-tech Development Zone, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China;3. Veterinary Station of Ming Shan, Ya’an, Sichuan 625100, China |
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| Abstract: | Assisted reproductive techniques are needed urgently to facilitate the captive breeding of many New World primate species which are endangered in the wild and to assist the effective genetic management of small colonies. A protocol was devised for artificial insemination in the common marmoset, Callithrix jacchus, using ejaculated sperm obtained by vaginal washing after copulation. A double insemination protocol was employed, with the first insemination taking place the day before ovulation was expected to occur and the second 48 h later. All six females inseminated with fresh ejaculated sperm became pregnant, delivering a total of 16 offspring at term. The gestation lengths and litter sizes were not statistically different from those observed in pregnancies following natural mating. The insemination protocol was adapted for use with cryopreserved ejaculated sperm by including an additional insemination on the day of expected ovulation, to take into account differences in the capacitation time of frozen–thawed sperm compared to fresh sperm. Three out of six females inseminated according to this triple insemination schedule, conceived, although one female subsequently resorbed twin foetuses approximately 100 days later. The remaining two pregnant females delivered four babies at term, one singleton and one set of triplets. In the final group, six females were inseminated with low doses of cryopreserved epididymal sperm using the same triple insemination protocol used for frozen–thawed ejaculated sperm. One female conceived, delivering triplets. |
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