Autophagy and innate immunity: Triggering,targeting and tuning |
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| Authors: | Rhea Sumpter Beth Levine |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;2. Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;3. Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA;1. Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences (BMLS), Goethe University, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;2. Institute of Biochemistry II, School of Medicine, Goethe University, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;1. Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China;2. Laboratory Diagnostics Department, The First Clinic Hospital Affiliated to Haerbin Medical University, 150001, China;2. Renal Division, James J Peters Bronx VA Hospital, Bronx, NY;1. Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif;3. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif;2. Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research and Development, San Diego, Calif;1. Department of General Intensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China;2. Trauma Research Center, First Hospital Affiliated to the Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.51 Fu-Cheng Road, Beijing 100048, China;1. Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia;2. Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, The University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, New South Wales, Australia;3. B Cell Molecular Immunology Section, Laboratory of Immunoregulation, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, USA |
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| Abstract: | Autophagy is a conserved catabolic stress response pathway that is increasingly recognized as an important component of both innate and acquired immunity to pathogens. The activation of autophagy during infection not only provides cell-autonomous protection through lysosomal degradation of invading pathogens (xenophagy), but also regulates signaling by other innate immune pathways. This review will focus on recent advances in our understanding of three major areas of the interrelationship between autophagy and innate immunity, including how autophagy is triggered during infection, how invading pathogens are targeted to autophagosomes, and how the autophagy pathway participates in “tuning” the innate immune response. |
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