Altruism toward in-group members as a reputation mechanism |
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Authors: | Nobuhiro Mifune Hirofumi Hashimoto Toshio Yamagishi |
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Institution: | 1. Department of Psychology, Neuroscience & Behaviour, McMaster University, 1280 Main Street West, Hamilton, Ontario, L8S 4K1, Canada;2. Department of Psychology, Arizona State University, 651 E. University Drive, P.O. Box 871104, Tempe, AZ, 85287, United States;3. Department of Psychology, California State University, Long Beach, 1250 Bellflower Boulevard, Long Beach, California, 90840, United States;1. Graduate School of Education, Kyoto University, Yoshida-Honmachi, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan;2. Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan |
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Abstract: | To test the hypothesis that sensitivity to monitoring drives people to act altruistically toward members of their own community, two experiments investigated whether an eye-like painting promotes altruism toward in-group members, but not toward out-group members. Participants played the role of dictator in a dictator game with another participant (a recipient) who was from the minimal in-group or out-group. Participants knew whether their recipient was an in-group member or an out-group member, but were informed that their recipient did not know the group membership of the dictator. In-group favoritism occurred only when participants were facing a computer desktop which displayed a painting of eyes, but did not occur in the absence of eyes. These findings demonstrate that the eye painting displayed on the participant's computer screen worked as a cue for monitoring and thus enhanced the participant's altruistic behavior. |
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