区域碳源碳汇的时空格局——以长三角地区为例

长三角地区是世界第六大也是我国综合实力最强的城市群地区，其快速而大规模的城市化也产生了一系列的生态环境问题.本文核算了1995-2010年长三角地区的碳源碳汇并分析了其时空格局演变特征.结果表明： 研究期间，长三角地区的碳汇增长943×10⁴ t，其中，浙江省森林净生态系统生产量的增加是主要贡献，这主要得益于国家2003年起实施的“退耕还林”政策.该地区的碳排放增加3.27×10⁸ t，其中，能源消费和工业过程排放所占比重在2010年达96%.江苏省的排放量与增长速度都位居长三角第一，其以重工业和制造业等高能耗和高碳排的产业结构是造成其碳排放居高不下的主要原因.由于建设用地的净碳排放量增速大于建设用地扩张速度，导致该地区单位面积建设用地的净碳排放强度明显增大，江苏省的建设用地净碳排放强度增速最快.

Spatiotemporal pattern of carbon sources and sinks in Yangtze River Delta region,China.

Yangtze River Delta region is the world’s sixth and China’s largest urban agglomeration. Its rapid and massive urbanization has also caused a series of ecological and environmental impacts. This paper accounted the inventory of carbon sources and sinks in Yangtze River Delta region during 1995-2010 and analyzed their spatiotemporal patterns. It was found that the carbon sinks increased by 9.43 million tons from 1995 to 2010, in which forest ecosystem net production in Zhejiang Province was the largest contributor. The “grain for green” policy implemented since 2003 in China played a significant role in increasing the forest area and the carbon sinks. The carbon sources increased by 327 million tons, and energy consumption and industrial processes based emissions accounted for 96% of total carbon sources in 2010. Due to the large share of manufacturing and heavy industries in economy and their dependence on the high carbon intensity energy, either the amount or the growth speed of carbon emissions in Jiangsu Province was the top one in the whole region. More over, because the growth speed of net carbon emissions that occurred upon the built up land was much faster than the sprawl speed of urban built up land, the net carbon emission intensity kept increasing in the whole region, in which Jiangsu Province demonstrated the fastest increase.