Characterization and Evolution of the Mitochondrial DNA Control Region in Hornbills (Bucerotiformes) |
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Authors: | Wayne Delport J Willem H Ferguson Paulette Bloomer |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Zoology and Entomology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, ZA;(2) Molecular Ecology and Evolution Program, Department of Genetics, University of Pretoria, Pretoria 0002, South Africa, ZA |
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Abstract: | We determined the mitochondrial DNA control region sequences of six Bucerotiformes. Hornbills have the typical avian gene
order and their control region is similar to other avian control regions in that it is partitioned into three domains: two
variable domains that flank a central conserved domain. Two characteristics of the hornbill control region sequence differ
from that of other birds. First, domain I is AT rich as opposed to AC rich, and second, the control region is approximately
500 bp longer than that of other birds. Both these deviations from typical avian control region sequence are explainable on
the basis of repeat motifs in domain I of the hornbill control region. The repeat motifs probably originated from a duplication
of CSB-1 as has been determined in chicken, quail, and snowgoose. Furthermore, the hornbill repeat motifs probably arose before
the divergence of hornbills from each other but after the divergence of hornbills from other avian taxa. The mitochondrial
control region of hornbills is suitable for both phylogenetic and population studies, with domains I and II probably more
suited to population and phylogenetic analyses, respectively. |
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Keywords: | : Mitochondrial DNA — Control region — Bucerotiformes — Characterization — Repeats — Secondary structure — Phylogenetics — Population genetics |
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