全文获取类型
收费全文 | 857篇 |
免费 | 76篇 |
国内免费 | 70篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 3篇 |
2023年 | 42篇 |
2022年 | 18篇 |
2021年 | 25篇 |
2020年 | 29篇 |
2019年 | 31篇 |
2018年 | 41篇 |
2017年 | 26篇 |
2016年 | 21篇 |
2015年 | 30篇 |
2014年 | 61篇 |
2013年 | 63篇 |
2012年 | 27篇 |
2011年 | 45篇 |
2010年 | 36篇 |
2009年 | 47篇 |
2008年 | 47篇 |
2007年 | 45篇 |
2006年 | 46篇 |
2005年 | 30篇 |
2004年 | 29篇 |
2003年 | 22篇 |
2002年 | 23篇 |
2001年 | 19篇 |
2000年 | 17篇 |
1999年 | 20篇 |
1998年 | 10篇 |
1997年 | 14篇 |
1996年 | 9篇 |
1995年 | 16篇 |
1994年 | 14篇 |
1993年 | 13篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1991年 | 4篇 |
1990年 | 8篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1986年 | 5篇 |
1985年 | 9篇 |
1984年 | 8篇 |
1983年 | 5篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 4篇 |
1980年 | 3篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 1篇 |
1973年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有1003条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
The role of duplication in the expression of a variable surface glycoprotein gene of Trypanosoma brucei 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
The variable surface glycoprotein (VSG) genes of Trypanosoma brucei have been classified into two groups depending upon whether or not duplication of the genes is observed when they are expressed. We report here the observation of duplication apparently linked to expression of the ILTaT 1.3 gene in the ETaR 1 trypanosome stock. In the ILTaR 1 stock, expression of the ILTaT 1.3 VSG did not involve a new duplication, but instead activation of a preexisting gene copy that had been apparently generated earlier by a duplication event analogous to that directly observed in the ETaR 1 trypanosomes. The results suggest that the well-characterised gene duplications found with other VSG genes are common to all VSG genes but are not directly responsible for controlling expression. All currently available data can be accommodated by a model that assumes that gene duplication and replacement occurs independently of antigenic switching. 相似文献
2.
3.
Summary A simple method for the evolutionary analysis of amino acid sequence data is presented and used to examine whether the number of variable sites (NVS) of a protein is constant during its evolution. The NVSs for hemoglobin and for mitochondrial cytochrome c are each found to be almost constant, and the ratio between the NVSs is close to the ratio between the unit evolutionary periods. This indicates that the substitution rate per variable site is almost uniform for these proteins, as the neutral theory claims. An advantage of the present analysis is that it can be done without knowledge of paleontological divergence times and can be extended to bacterial proteins such as bacterial c-type cytochromes. It is suggested that the NVS of cytochrome c has been almost constant even over the long period (ca. 3.0 billion years) of bacterial evolution but that at least two different substitution rates are necessary to describe the accumulated changes in the sequence. This two clock interpretation is consistent with fossil evidence for the appearance times of photosynthetic bacteria and eukaryotes. 相似文献
4.
Regression analysis based on stratified samples 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
5.
6.
In intact, uncoupled type B chloroplasts from spinach, added ATP causes a slow light-induced decline () of chlorophyll a fluorescence at room temperature. Fluorescence spectra were recorded after fast cooling to 77 K and normalized with fluorescein as an internal standard. Related to the fluorescence quenching at room temperature, an increase in Photosystem (PS) I fluorescence (F735) and a decrease in PS II fluorescence (F695) were observed in the low-temperature spectra. The change in the ratio was abolished by the presence of methyl viologen. Fluorescence induction at 77 K of chloroplasts frozen in the quenched state showed lowered variable (Fv) and initial (F0) fluorescence at 690 nm and an increase in F0 at 735 nm. The results are interpreted as indicating an ATP-dependent change of the initial distribution of excitation energy in favor of PS I, which is controlled by the redox state of the electron-transport chain and, according to current theories, is caused by phosphorylation of the light-harvesting complex. 相似文献
7.
Long- and short-term changes in plant growth following simulated herbivory: adaptive responses to damage? 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
ANDREW FOGGO 《Ecological Entomology》1996,21(2):198-202
8.
We develop a new method for variable selection in a nonlinear additive function-on-scalar regression (FOSR) model. Existing methods for variable selection in FOSR have focused on the linear effects of scalar predictors, which can be a restrictive assumption in the presence of multiple continuously measured covariates. We propose a computationally efficient approach for variable selection in existing linear FOSR using functional principal component scores of the functional response and extend this framework to a nonlinear additive function-on-scalar model. The proposed method provides a unified and flexible framework for variable selection in FOSR, allowing nonlinear effects of the covariates. Numerical analysis using simulation study illustrates the advantages of the proposed method over existing variable selection methods in FOSR even when the underlying covariate effects are all linear. The proposed procedure is demonstrated on accelerometer data from the 2003–2004 cohorts of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in understanding the association between diurnal patterns of physical activity and demographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics of the participants. 相似文献
9.
Kyosuke Mushiake Fumiaki Motoyoshi Naomi Kondo Hiroyuki Shimizu Tadao Orii 《Biotherapy》1993,7(2):101-107
Five patients with common variable immunodeficiency treated in our hospital between December 1979 and December 1990 were given six kinds of intravenous immunoglobulin preparations (pepsin treated, S-sulfonated, polyethylene glycol treated, pH4 treated, alkylated, and pH4.25 formulation preparation) for replacement therapy. Duration of the therapy ranged from 7.6 to 11 years. Incidences of fever and acute infections were variable among patients, but no significant differences were seen in the incidences among periods given each preparation. Three cases revealed abnormal pulmonary functions in tests. Adverse reactions were rarely seen in our study periods, and no severe reactions were observed. No significant differences were seen in incidences of adverse reactions. Postinfusion levels of serum complement slightly decreased from preinfusion levels. However, the decrease in complement was not related to any adverse reaction. No long-term complications such as transmission of hepatitis have been observed. Our data suggest that no obvious differences exist between the efficacy and safety of each IVIG preparation. Differences of efficacy of IVIG replacement therapy may be due to the variable pathophysiology of each patient.Abbreviations CVID
common variable immunodeficiency
- IVIG
intravenous immunoglobulin 相似文献
10.
The application of molecular markers to the study and conservation of fish populations, with special reference to Salmo 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
A. Ferguson J. B. Taggart † P. A. Prodöhl ‡ O. McMeel C. Thompson § C. Stone P. McGinnity R. A. Hynes 《Journal of fish biology》1995,47(SA):103-126
The main molecular techniques which can be used to generate genetic markers, and the applications of these markers to studies of fish populations are outlined. Published and ongoing studies, in the authors' laboratories, on brown trout and Atlantic salmon are used to compare the resolution and applicability of allozyme, mitochondrial DNA and minisatellite (variable number of tandem repeats) markers for studies on population structuring, genetic variation within populations, and the impact of the accidental and deliberate introduction of non-native salmonids on the genetic make-up of natural populations. 相似文献