A Comparison of Bone Mineral Density and Its Predictors in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Older Men

ObjectiveBone health in older individuals with HIV infection has not been well studied. This study aimed to compare bone mineral density (BMD), trabecular bone score (TBS), and bone markers between HIV-infected men and age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched HIV-uninfected men aged ≥60 years. We investigated the associations of risk factors related to fracture with BMD, TBS, and bone markers in HIV-infected men.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included 45 HIV-infected men receiving antiretroviral therapy and 42 HIV-uninfected men. Medical history, BMD and TBS measurements, and laboratory tests related to bone health were assessed in all the participants. HIV-related factors known to be associated with bone loss were assessed in the HIV-infected men.ResultsThe mean BMD, TBS, and osteopenia or osteoporosis prevalence were similar among the cases and controls. The HIV-infected men had significantly higher mean N-terminal propeptide of type 1 procollagen and C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen levels. Stepwise multiple linear regression analysis demonstrated that low BMI (lumbar spine, P = .015; femoral neck, P = .018; and total hip, P = .005), high C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen concentration (total hip, P = .042; and TBS, P = .010), and low vitamin D supplementation (TBS, P = .035) were independently associated with low BMD and TBS.ConclusionIn older HIV-infected men with a low fracture risk, the mean BMD and TBS were similar to those of the age- and BMI-matched controls. The mean bone marker levels were higher in the HIV group. Traditional risk factors for fracture, including low BMI, high C-terminal cross-linking telopeptide of type I collagen level, and low vitamin D supplementation, were significant predictors of low BMD and TBS.     

Meeting Report: The 24th Fungal Genetics Conference at Asilomar, California, USA

<正>The 24~(th) Fungal Genetics Conference was recently held at the Asilomar Conference Center in the coastal town of Pacific Grove,Monterey County,California,USA,between March 20~(th) and 25~(th),2007.At this conference,there were 750 participants representing 33 countries,with the number of participants reaching the maximum holding capacity of the conference center.About 200 people were on the waiting list and could not attend the meeting because of space limitations.     

民族植物学定量研究中的取样方法

定量方法在民族植物学研究中越来越占有重要的地住,但民族植物学定量研究中有关取样方面还存在着一些不同的看法。笔者针对云南省金平苗族瑶族傣族自治县的拉祜族民间草医所使用的药用植物资源和草医对不同生境中药用植物的利用情况进行了取样,并以此对民族植物学中有关取样中存在的问题进行了讨论。结果表明不同生境中民族植物学的取样面积与植物生态学中的取样面积比较相近。所以在进行民族植物学野外取样时,司以针对具体的生境和植被特点来借用植物生态学中对该类生境或植被所采用的最小取样面积。     

丁酸菌与老年肠道功能的相关性

丁酸菌是一种专性厌氧芽胞杆菌,是以丁酸为主要代谢产物的益生菌,可定植于人体肠道,在某种程度上与乳酸菌有协同作用,可抑制人肠道内有害菌的生长、促进营养物质的吸收、改善肠道功能等。本研究主要对丁酸菌在临床中的应用研究进展进行综述,尤其是对丁酸菌与老年人肠道功能的相关性进行阐述,并展望丁酸菌对老年慢性疾病如糖尿病、心血管疾病、老年痴呆、风湿性疾病及骨质疏松症防治的研究未来。     

中老年健康体检人群多项肿瘤标志物筛查结果及与年龄和性别的关系分析

摘要 目的：研究中老年健康体检人群多项肿瘤标志物（TM）筛查结果,分析其与年龄和性别的关系。方法：将自2017年6月至2019年12月于我院接受健康体检的600例中老年体检者纳入研究,分别以流式荧光发光法检测甲胎蛋白（AFP）、癌胚抗原（CEA）、糖类抗原-153（CA-153）、糖类抗原-125（CA-125）水平,并分析不同性别、年龄的体检者上述TM阳性率情况,分析各项TM阳性率检出疾病情况。结果：600例体检者AFP、CEA、CA-153、CA-125水平分别为（17.48±3.84）ng/mL、（4.54±1.19）ng/mL、（29.23±7.10）U/mL、（30.65±6.39）U/mL,阳性率分别为1.67%、4.00%、3.33%、3.83%。男性体检者CEA及CA-153阳性率均高于女性,而CA-125阳性率低于女性（P＜0.05）;男性与女性AFP阳性率对比不明显（P＞0.05）。81～89岁体检者的AFP、CEA、CA-153、CA-125阳性率均高于其他年龄段体检者（P＜0.05）。AFP、CEA、CA-153、CA-125阳性体检者恶性肿瘤检出率较低。结论：AFP、CEA、CA-153、CA-125表达升高,可能是中老年人群肿瘤发生、发展的早期预警,应予以高度重视,且和年龄、性别关系密切。中老年人群定期体检能够早期发现疾病并治疗,防止疾病继续恶化,保证身心健康。     

特定人群超重及肥胖与相关疾病患病分析

目的：分析特定人群超重患病率,以及超重与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝等相关疾病的关系,为及早预防慢性非传染性疾病奠定基础。方法：对平房地区采取长效避孕措施的603名户籍农村已婚育龄妇女进行健康体检,按体重指数（BMI）分为正常组、超重组和肥胖组,比较各组间高血压、高血糖、高血脂、脂肪肝等相关疾病检出率的差异。结果：特定人群超重发病率及超重相关疾病检出率的差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：平房地区特定人群超重及肥胖发病率未明显高于国内平均水平及全市水平。但超重及肥胖与高血压、糖尿病、血脂异常、脂肪肝等疾病存在较大相关关系,为了进一步降低心脑血管高危因素和死亡率。需采取早期、有效的措施控制超重和肥胖倾向。     

独龙族农业生物资源及其传统知识调查

2008及2009年两次考察收集了云南省贡山独龙族怒族自治县独龙江乡,6个独龙族村寨的农业生物资源及其传统知识。考察发现独龙族栽种、管理和利用了包括30.4%的粮食、49.7%的蔬菜和17.7%的果树等丰富的农业生物种质资源,共收集到181份种质;独龙族积累了大量的利用农业生物资源的传统知识,如董棕（Caryota urans L.）粉、漆油鸡、漆油酥油茶和木瓜（Fructus chaenomelis speciosae）豆腐等传统食物加工与烹调方法的传统知识。     

多囊卵巢综合征患者与健康人群肠道菌群差异性分析

目的 比较多囊卵巢综合征(PCOS)患者与健康人群间肠道菌群的差异,为后续研究提供参考.方法 采用16SrDNA扩增子测序法对30例PCOS患者(PCOS组)和20例健康人(健康组)粪便标本中菌群结构进行分析,并比较两组之间的区别.结果 与健康组相比,PCOS组患者肠道菌群α多样性降低.PCOS组患者肠道厚壁菌门(Fi...