宁前胡内生真菌Fusarium tricinctum次生代谢产物研究

为研究宁前胡内生真菌Fusariumtricinctum次生代谢产物,采用液体发酵法发酵内生真菌,利用硅胶、凝胶、MPLC、制备液相等多种方法分离获得13个单体化合物。利用波谱方法分别鉴定为cyclo-(L-pro-L-pro)(1)、cyclo-(S-pro-S-leu)(2)、cyclo-(L-phe-L-phe)(3)、cyclo-(D-pro-L-phe)(4)、cyclo-(L-pro-L-phe)(5)、cyclo-(D-pro-L-leu)(6)、cyclo-(S-pro-S-leu)(7)、cyclo-[D-(4-hydroxyprolinyl)]-(L)-leucine(8)、cyclo-[L-(4-hydroxyprolinyl)]-(L)-leucine(9)、cyclo-(trans-4-hydroxy-L-prolyl-L-phenylalanine)(10)、cyclo-(D-cis-hyp-L-phe)(11)、苯甲酸苄酯(12)和苯乙酸(13),所有化合物均首次从内生真菌F.tricinctum中分离得到。体外抗肿瘤活性显示,化合物4、6、7对CAR、CAL27、SCC-4、SCC-9、HSC-3五种口腔癌肿瘤细胞有一定的细胞毒活性。     

镰刀菌毒素的研究II．T-2毒素的提取、纯化及结构鉴定

本文报道了三线镰刀菌M-20(Fusarium tricinctum)接种于已灭菌的玉米粒培养基中,于13℃培养30天后,提取培养物所得粗毒素。经二次硅胶柱层析纯化后,经丙酮-正己烷结晶,可获得白色针状结晶。根据它的熔点(151—2℃)R_f0.56,LD_(50)2.5,mg/kg。分子量466,FD质谱测定,~1H核磁共振谱及EI质谱,确证结晶为T-2毒素。     

镰刀菌毒素的研究 Ⅱ.T-2毒素的提取、纯化及结构鉴定

本文报道了三线镰刀菌M-20(Fusarium tricinctum)接种于已灭菌的玉米粒培养基中,于13℃培养30天后,提取培养物所得粗毒素。经二次硅胶柱层析纯化后,经丙酮-正己烷结晶,可获得白色针状结晶。根据它的熔点(151—2℃)R_f0.56,LD_(50)2.5,mg/kg。分子量466,FD质谱测定,~1H核磁共振谱及EI质谱,确证结晶为T-2毒素。     

Natural Fusarium Grain Infection Level in Wheat, Barley and Oat after Early Application of Fungicides and Herbicides

In Norway, early application of fungicides against cereal leaf diseases (before Zadoks 60) is common practice amongst farmers. Whether this procedure has any effect on Fusarium infection of the mature grain has been little investigated. To evaluate effects on Fusarium grain infection, cereal grains were sampled during 1996, 1997 and 1998 from 12 field trials where early spraying against fungal diseases in spring wheat, spring barley and oats was carried out. Percentage infected grains and frequency of different Fusarium species was analysed in every grain sample. The effect of fungicides, glyphosate and postemergence herbicides on Fusarium grain infection was studied. Significant increase in Fusarium infection was detected in fungicide‐treated plots compared with untreated plots. Fusarium avenaceum and F. tricinctum were the most frequent species detected. The internal ranking of Fusarium species remained the same after spraying. No significant effects were found on the level of Fusarium infection after glyphosate treatment in autumn or herbicide treatment during the growing season.