Comments on L.S. Vygotsky's Theater Review on E.V. Gel'tser's Performance

This article presents detailed comments on L.S. Vygotsky's review of the famous Russian ballerina E.V. Gel'tser's performance during her Gomel tour in the autumn of 1922. We present a reconstruction of the cultural context, which is quite essential for understanding multiple aspects of the content of Vygotsky's review. We stress the importance of the distinction between artificial and natural movements introduced by Vygotsky's when considering the uniqueness of expressive movement in choreography.

The uniqueness of cathartic experience, which became a central theme in Vygotsky's research monograph The Psychology of Art (1925), is examined in this review using the analysis of classical dance perception. We establish the methodological importance of Vygotsky's account of the opposition between classical and so-called untaught, natural dance (I. Duncan and M. Fokine), which in turn makes it possible to designate the fundamental difference between “spiritual” [dukhovnyi] and “mental/emotional” [dushevnyi] experience.