The essential oil secretory structures of Prostanthera ovalifolia (Lamiaceae)

The structure of the essential oil secretory tissues of Prostanthera ovalifolia R.Br was investigated using bright- and dark-field optical microscopy, and scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The leaves of P. ovalifolia have glandular trichomes of the peltate type common to many Lamiaceae species. The trichomes consist of a basal cell embedded in the epidermis, a stalk cell with heavily cutinized walls and a 16-celled secretory head, but they differ from those of many previously reported Lamiaceae species in their morphological form defined by the elevated cuticle. The sub-cuticular space contains a mixture of lipid and aqueous phases. Secretory cells have dense cytoplasm with many leucoplasts present. Volatile terpenoids are eliminated from the cytoplasm into the sub-cuticular space, the site of essential oil accumulation, via granulocrine secretion.     

Sesquiterpenoids of fourteen Plagiochila species

The distribution of ent-2,3-secoaromadendrane-, ent-aromadendrane-, ent-bicyclogermacrane- and ent-maaliane-type sesquiterpenoids in fourteen Plagiochila species is described. These sesquiterpenes are the significant chemosystematic markers of Plagiochila. The intense pungent substance of some Plagiochila species is due to an ent-2,3-secoaromadendrane-type sesquiterpene hemiacetal, plagiochiline A.     

Germacranolides from Perymenium klattianum and Perymeniopsis ovalifolia

The aerial parts of Perymenium klattianum afforded, in addition to kaurane and beyerane derivatives, three germacranolides, two of them isolated for the first time. The structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods and by some chemical transformations, which in part gave unusual products. Perymeniopsis ovalifolia gave known compounds only.     

美花圆叶筋骨草化学成分研究

研究美花圆叶筋骨草Ajuga ovalifolia var.calantha的化学成分和生物活性。实验采用硅胶柱色谱、SephadexLH-20凝胶柱色谱、ODS柱色谱和半制备型高效液相色谱等分离纯化方法,从美花圆叶筋骨草全草70%丙酮提取物乙酸乙酯部位中分离得到了12个化合物,根据波谱学数据进行结构鉴定为:2-methoxy-4-(2-propenyl)-phenyl-β-D-glucopyranoside(1)、oct-1-en-3-yl-β-glucopyranoside(2)、异地黄苷(3)、20-羟基蜕皮素-20,22-单丙酮化合物(4)、n-辛基-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷(5)、(2S)-3-O-octadeca-9Z,12Z,15Z-trienoylglyceryl-O-β-D-galactopyranoside(6)、地黄苷(7)、乙酰哈巴苷(8)、水龙骨素B(9)、香草乙酮(10)、筋骨草内酯(11)、α-(9Z,12′Z,15′Z)-octadecatrienoicacidmonoglyceride(12),其中化合物1~6、8、12为首次从该属植物中分离得到,化合物1~9、11~12为首次从美花圆叶筋骨草中分离得到。运用脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠巨噬细胞RAW264.7生成NO的细胞模型对化合物3、4、7、9、11进行抗炎活性筛选和磷酸甘油酸脱氢酶(PHGDH)活性测定。所筛化合物均无抗炎活性,化合物7对PHGDH具有一定的抑制作用。     

Lyonin A, a new 9,10-Secograyanotoxin from Lyonia ovalifolia

Phytochemical studies on the branches and leaves of Lyonia ovalifolia yielded a new grayanane diterpenoid, lyonin A ( 1 ), together with two known compounds, secorhodomollolides A and D ( 2 and 3 , resp.). The structure of 1 was elucidated by combination of 1D‐ and 2D‐NMR, and MS analyses. Compound 1 turned out to be a new, highly O‐acylated grayanane diterpenoid, of which ring B has undergone an oxidative cleavage between C(9) and C(10), yielding a system differing from the previously reported grayanane type with a 5/7/6/5 ring system. Results of the cAMP regulation activity assay showed that compounds 2 and 3 at 50 μM induced a significantly decreased cAMP level in N1E‐115 neuroblastoma cells (p<0.001), indicating neuropharmacological potential.     

民间草药椭圆叶绣线菊的非生物碱成分

从椭圆叶绣线菊 (Spiraeajaponicavar ovalifoliaFranch)全株的乙醇提取物中分离鉴定了 10个非生物碱类化合物 ,包括 5个木脂素 :(± )syringaresinol (1) ,( )cyclo olivil(2 ) ,isolariciresinol 9 O β D xylopyranoside (3) ,isolariciresinol 9 O β D glucopyranoside (4) ,5 methoxy isolariciresinol 9 O β D xylopyranoside (5 ) ,1个三萜酸 :18-羟基乌索酸 (18 hy droxyursolicacid ,6 ) ;2个甾醇类 :β -谷甾醇 (β sitosterol,7)和葫萝卜苷 (daucosterol,8) ;1个脂肪醇 :10 nonacosanol (9)和 1个脂肪酸三棱酸 :(sanlengacid ,10 )。除化合物 6～ 8外 ,其它 7个化合物均为首次从该复合群植物仔得到。木脂素等成分的鉴定为该植物的药效学研究提供了新的化学依据