结核性脑膜脑炎并结核性脊髓炎的2例临床分析

目的：总结结核性脑膜脑炎并结核性脊髓炎的临床特点、治疗方法及预后。方法：对2例结核性脑膜脑炎并结核性脊髓炎患者的临床资料、实验室检查、影像学资料、组织病理学、治疗方法及预后进行分析。结果：2例患者均有头痛、颅神经麻痹、脑膜刺激征、双下肢乏力、感觉障碍;脑脊液中蛋白明显升高;MRI检查显示有脑膜强化、颅内强化灶及相应节段脊髓肿胀;全身抗痨联合鞘内注射异烟肼和地塞米松治疗有效。结论：结核性脑膜脑炎患者如出现脊髓受损表现或脑脊液蛋白明显增高,而腰穿压力正常或降低等应考虑合并结核性脊髓炎的可能性。早期全身抗痨联合鞘内给药疗效确切。     

血清AQP-4 抗体水平与急性期视神经脊髓炎患者临床特征的关系

目的:探究血清水通道蛋白4(AQP-4)与急性期视神经脊髓炎(NOM)患者临床特征的相关性,为临床上预防急性期NOM患者提供参考。方法:选取2009年1月至2016年1月来我院治疗的63例NOM患者,另选取20例健康体检者为对照,采用酶联免疫吸附试验测定所有受试者血清中AQP-4抗体浓度,分析AQP-4抗体水平与NOM患者临床特征的关系。结果:NOM患者血清AQP-4抗体的浓度为(425.45±18.34)ng/ml,阳性检出率为80.73%。健康体检者血清AQP-4抗体的浓度为(112.34±15.27)ng/ml。Spearman相关性分析发现,血清AQP-4抗体水平与EDSS评分、大脑磁共振成像病灶数及脊髓受累节段数均呈正相关(r=0.383,P=0.001;r=0.315,P=0.007;r=0.297,P=0.012);与至下一次复发间隔时间之间无明显相关性(r=-0.096,P=0.332)。结论:AQP-4抗体水平与NOM疾患者临床症状以及病程严重程度有一定的相关性,但AQP-4作为预测疾病复发的检测蛋白意义不大。     

Pseudoloma neurophilia n. g., n. sp., a new microsporidium from the central nervous system of the zebrafish (Danio rerio)

An unusual xenoma-forming microsporidium was discovered in the central nervous system of moribund zebrafish from a laboratory colony in Eugene, Oregon. Infected fish were often emaciated and lethargic, and histological examination commonly revealed severe myelitis and myositis associated with the infection. Based on its structure, development, and small subunit ribosomal DNA sequence it is unique among fish microsporidia. Spores are uninucleate, ovoid to pyriform, with a prominent posterior vacuole. Spores average 5.4 x 2.7 microm with 13-16 coils of the polar filament. The microsporidium produces xenomas within the spinal cord and hindbrain of fish, and xenomas contained sporophorous vesicles with up to 16 spores. Sporoblasts and presporoblast stages (probably sporonts) are found occasionally in small aggregates dispersed randomly throughout xenomas. It clustered in the "Ichthyosporidium group" along with other fish microsporidian genera based on rDNA sequence analysis. The rDNA sequence of the zebrafish microsporidium was most similar to that of Ichthyosporidium, but showed only 12.1% similarity and therefore this microsporidium can be considered a distinct genus and species, which we have named Pseudoloma neurophilia n. g., n. sp.     

Transverse myelitis following measles vaccination in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta)

A 16-year-old rhesus macaque presented with progressive, ascending quadriparesis following measles vaccination. He was diagnosed with transverse myelitis following MRI, gross necropsy, and histopathology. This is the first report of transverse myelitis in a rhesus macaque following measles vaccination.