以青砖茶为原料的果茶饮料制备

以青砖茶、新鲜苹果汁、西瓜汁和菠萝汁为主要原料进行果茶饮料的研制,采用单因素试验及正交分析试验对果茶饮料的配方进行工艺优化,以感官评价和吸光值为评定指标,确定果茶饮料的最佳配方。结果表明,体积比分别为8∶2的茶汤与苹果汁的混合汁、5∶5的茶汤与西瓜汁的混合汁和3∶7的茶汤与菠萝汁的混合汁混匀调配出的茶饮料的口感最佳,色泽清透,且香气较佳。本研究为黑茶果茶饮料的研 制提供了理论依据。     

中药地黄饮子对小鼠抗体激发水平的影响

目的:探讨地黄饮子对小鼠抗体激发水平的影响。方法:将40只经卵核蛋白免疫过的小鼠随机分A、B两组,分别灌服地黄饮子和葡萄糖,1次/d,每次0.5mL只,连续7d后,加强免疫,再经7d,用ELISA法检测血清中相应抗体生成水平。结果:与葡萄糖组比较,地黄饮子组小鼠抗体水平升高,差异有显著性意义(P<0.05)。结论:地黄饮子有可能促进小鼠抗体激发水平和免疫水平的提高。     

茶树鲜花饮料澄清技术研究

茶树鲜花与茶叶具有相似的营养成分,榨汁后经调配可开发成适口性好、风味独特的鲜花饮料。对茶树鲜花饮料的壳聚糖絮凝、酶法澄清、超滤澄清效果进行了比较,结果表明,采用10万分子截留量的超滤膜处理获得能够较好的澄清效果,且对茶多酚造成的操作损失较小。     

Modulation of spiking of neurons of the cat anterior hypothalamus induced by experimental shifts in the osmolarity of the blood plasma

We examined changes in the impulse activity (IA) generated by neurons of the anterior hypothalamus (including the preoptic region) resulting from infusions of hyper-and hypotonic NaCl solutions (3.0 and 0.2%, respectively; hyper-and hypoosmotic stimulations, respectively); the infused volumes did not exceed 200 μl. The effects of hyper-and hypoosmotic stimulations were studied in detail in 83 and 88 neurons, respectively. In 31.2% (26 cells) and 29.6% (26 cells) of the neurons of the above groups, these stimulations evoked changes in the IA frequency greater than +40 or −40% of the mean background IA frequency. In approximately 50% of the responding neurons in each group, such shifts in the IA frequency were observed in the course of infusions of test solutions (5 sec long) and within the subsequent 5 min after termination of the infusion. In another 50% of the neurons, changes in the IA frequency occurred within the afterperiod (30 sec long); these shifts could develop exclusively within the latter interval, or these changes accompanied an initial early reaction. In general, activating responses dominated (they were observed in 65% of the cases where test stimulations of both modalities were used). The possible aspects of the involvement of neurons of the anterior hypothalamus in the control of the water/salt balance in the organism are discussed. Neirofiziologiya/Neurophysiology, Vol. 38, No. 1, pp. 40–45, January–February, 2006.     

中药地黄饮子对小鼠抗体激发水平的影响

目的：探讨地黄饮子对小鼠抗体激发水平的影响。方法：将40只经卵核蛋白免疫过的小鼠随机分A、B两组,分别灌服地黄饮子和葡萄糖,1次/d,每次0.5mL只,连续7d后,加强免疫,再经7d,用ELISA法检测血清中相应抗体生成水平。结果：与葡萄糖组比较,地黄饮子组小鼠抗体水平升高,差异有显著性意义（P〈0.05）。结论：地黄饮子有可能促进小鼠抗体激发水平和免疫水平的提高。     

Bacteriophage applications: where are we now?

Bacteriophages are bacterial viruses and have been used for almost a century as antimicrobial agents. In the West, their use diminished when chemical antibiotics were introduced, but they remain a common therapeutic approach in parts of eastern Europe. Increasing antibiotic resistance in bacteria has driven the demand for novel therapies to control infections and led to the replacement of antibiotics in animal husbandry. Alongside this, increased pressure to improve food safety has created a need for faster detection of pathogenic bacteria. Hence, there has been a resurgence of interest in bacteriophage applications, and this has encouraged the emergence of a large number of biotech companies hoping to commercialize their use. Research in Europe and the United States has increased steadily, leading to the development of a range of applications for bacteriophage agents for the healthcare, veterinary and agricultural sectors. This article will attempt to answer the question of whether bacteriophages are now delivering on their potential.     

枸杞茶饮联合综合护理对非酒精性脂肪肝临床研究

目的：探讨枸杞茶饮联合综合护理治疗非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）的临床效果。方法：选取60例NAFLD患者,随机分为照组和试验组,其中对照组30例,给予常规综合护理;试验组30例,在对照组基础上采用枸杞茶饮口服干预。比较两组患者的治疗效果,观察两组患者干预前后肝功能、血脂、胰岛素抵抗、脂联素、TNFα的指标。结果：实施干预后,试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组（P〈0．05）,两组患者ALT、AST、GGT、CHOL、TG、LP、HOMA—IR水平均有所下降,脂联素、TNF-α均有所升高,但试验组改善的更明显,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义（P〈0．01）。结论：枸杞茶饮联合综合护理能较好的改善NAFLD患者的生化指标,起到较好的治疗作用。     

小牛血清去蛋白提取物联合天麻钩藤饮对急性脑梗死患者神经功能及血液流变学的影响

目的:分析小牛血清去蛋白提取物联合天麻钩藤饮对急性脑梗死患者神经功能及血液流变学的影响。方法:选择2015年10月至2018年10月在我院治疗的急性脑梗死患者90例为研究对象,将其随机均分两组。对照组仅采取小牛血清去蛋白提取物治疗,实验组在对照组基础上联合采用天麻钩藤饮治疗。比较两组治疗的临床总有效率、治疗前和治疗20 d后的神经功能缺损评分、日常生活能力评分和血液流变学指标的变化以及治疗期间不良反应的发生情况。结果:治疗后,实验组的总有效率为95.56%,显著高于对照组(77.78%,P0.05)。两组治疗后的美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS)和日常生活活动能力量表(Activities of Daily Living,ADL)评分均较治疗前显著升高,且实验组以上指标明显高于对照组(P0.05)。两组治疗后的全血高切黏度、全血低切黏、红细胞比容、血小板聚集率和纤维蛋白原较治疗前均显著降低,且实验组以上指标均显著低于对照组(P0.05)。结论:小牛血清去蛋白提取物联合天麻钩藤饮治疗急性脑梗死效果显著优于单用小牛血清去蛋白提取物治疗,其可更有效促进患者神经功能的恢复,提高患者生活质量,改善其血液流变学。     

枸杞茶饮联合综合护理对非酒精性脂肪肝临床研究

目的:探讨枸杞茶饮联合综合护理治疗非酒精性脂肪肝(NAFLD)的临床效果。方法:选取60例NAFLD患者,随机分为照组和试验组,其中对照组30例,给予常规综合护理;试验组30例,在对照组基础上采用枸杞茶饮口服干预。比较两组患者的治疗效果,观察两组患者干预前后肝功能、血脂、胰岛素抵抗、脂联素、TNF-α的指标。结果:实施干预后,试验组治疗总有效率高于对照组(P0.05),两组患者ALT、AST、GGT、CHOL、TG、LP、HOMA-IR水平均有所下降,脂联素、TNF-α均有所升高,但试验组改善的更明显,与对照组比较,差异有统计学意义(P0.01)。结论:枸杞茶饮联合综合护理能较好的改善NAFLD患者的生化指标,起到较好的治疗作用。     

Repeated use of yeast biomass in ethanol fermentation of juniper berry sugars

Summary The object of this study was to establish the possibility of using the yeast biomass separated from the fermentation broth at the end of ethanol fermentation of juniper berry sugars as an inoculum in successive batch fermentation processes. A part of the fermentation broth (10% v/v) and a suspension of yeast biomass (separated from the same broth) into the water extract of juniper berries (2 g of wet yeast biomass per liter of water extract) were used as inocula. It was shown that the suspension of yeast biomass could be used as inoculum in successive batch processes without negative effects on the kinetics and ethanol yield, but with positive effects on the capacity and economy of the bioprocess. The addition of ammonium salts at optimum levels did not affect the final ethanol concentrations (4.3–4.4% v/v), but enhanced the specific rate of ethanol production, thus reducing the process duration by about five times.