(Ni-Sn-M_xO_y)/Pb改性复合电极电解合成L-半胱氨酸的反应

在（Ｎｉ－Ｓｎ）／Ｐｂ合金修饰电极中添加某些金属氧化物进行改性，用于电解合成Ｌ－半胱氨酸反应。结果证明，添加ＷＯ３后电极反应活性大大加强，反应同期转化率有较大提高，选择性也有所提高，添加稀土金属氧化物能有效降低反应阴极过电位，使反应选择性有所提高，但是电极稳定性还有待改善。     

复提霉素的研究

综述复提霉素的研究情况,报导提取工艺的改进。     

Tyrosine residues play an important role in heme detoxification by serum albumin

Background

Serum albumin binds avidly to heme to form heme–serum albumin complex, also called methemalbumin, and this binding is thought to protect against the potentially toxic effects of heme. However, the mechanism of detoxification has not been fully elucidated.

Methods

SDS-PAGE and Western blot were used to determine the efficiency of methemalbumin on catalyzing protein carbonylation and nitration. HPLC was used to test the formation of heme to protein cross-linked methemalbumin.

Results

The peroxidase activity of heme increased upon human serum albumin (HSA) binding. Methemalbumin showed higher efficiency in catalyzing tyrosine oxidation than free heme in the presence of H₂O₂. Methemalbumin catalyzed self-nitration and significantly promoted the nitration of tyrosine in coexistent protein, but decreased the carbonylation of coexistent protein compared with heme. The heme to protein cross-linked form of methemalbumin suggested that HSA trapped the free radical accompanied by the formation of ferryl heme. When tyrosine residues in HSA were modified by iodination, HSA lost of protection effect on protein carbonylation. The low concentration of glutathione could effectively inhibit tyrosine nitration, but had no effect on protein carbonylation.

Conclusion

HSA protects against the toxic effect of heme by transferring the free radical to tyrosine residues in HSA, therefore protecting surrounding proteins from irreversible oxidation, rather than by direct inhibiting the peroxidase activity. The increased tyrosine radicals can be reduced by endogenic antioxidants such as GSH.

General significance

This investigation indicated the important role of tyrosine residues in heme detoxification by HSA and suggested a possible novel mechanism.     

绿色荧光蛋白基因修饰的人视网膜色素上皮细胞异种移植的长期观察

探讨利用视网膜色素上皮 (retinalpigmentepithelium ,RPE)细胞移植介导目的基因转移至视网膜的可行性。人的RPE细胞在体外经携带绿色荧光蛋白 (greenfluorescentprotein ,GFP)基因的逆转录病毒感染及G4 1 8筛选后 ,手术显微镜直视下经睫状体平坦部注射到兔眼视网膜下间隙。术后通过活体荧光眼底照相 ,荧光显微镜、共聚焦显微镜及透射电镜等观察眼球铺片及切片 ,发现经 gfp基因修饰的人RPE细胞在兔眼视网膜下间隙可存活一年以上。移植的RPE gfp细胞不仅仅局限于移植部位 ,大多扩散到超过 2～ 3个象限的眼底 ,镶嵌于宿主RPE细胞之间或呈单层排列在宿主色素上皮与神经视网膜之间 ,并持续高水平表达GFP。移植后早期玻璃体内每周注射免疫抑制剂普乐可复 (FK5 0 6 )可明显改善移植细胞的存活状态     

插线法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌流模型方法的改进

目的 探索插线法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌流模型方法的改进。方法 在前人制作模型方法基础上进行部分改进,用提线法阻断血流和在颈外动脉上剪小口进行插线。结果 缩短了手术时间,简化了模型制作过程,提高模型成功率。结论 本法复制插线法制作大鼠局灶性脑缺血再灌流模型,省时,操作简便,提高成功率。     

分子酶工程的研究进展

随着基因工程和蛋白质工程的进展和应用,酶工程在分子水平上的研究与应用也得到了迅猛发展。本着重介绍了酶基因克隆与异源表达、酶分子的定向改造和进化、融合蛋白与融合酶、酶的人工模拟(抗体酶、分子印迹技术)和端粒酶,综述了分子酶工程的研究进展、趋势及其应用。     

构建尿嘧啶磷酸核糖转移酶基因缺失菌株实现Gluconobacter suboxydans基因组无痕修饰

弱氧化葡糖酸杆菌(Gluconobacter suboxydans)可高效不完全氧化多种糖类和醇类等多羟基化合物,生成相应的醛类、酮类和有机酸类等产物,是一类重要的工业微生物。利用同源重组技术对基因组进行修饰改造是工业育种的有效手段。传统方法多选用抗生素为筛选标记,存在诸多缺陷。构建尿嘧啶磷酸核糖转移酶基因缺失菌株以实现Gluconobacter suboxydans基因组无痕修饰为目标,将自杀质粒p MD18-Jqupp电转化至野生型Gluconobacter suboxydans J12中,通过四环素抗性和5-氟尿嘧啶双重筛选,获得敲除了编码尿嘧啶磷酸核糖转移酶的基因upp的突变株。经生理验证表明,该突变株在含0.5mg/ml 5-氟尿嘧啶的培养基上生长,而回补upp基因后,在0.5mg/ml 5-F氟尿嘧啶的培养基上不生长。说明获得的G.suboxydans-upp突变株能以upp基因作为负向筛选标记,通过两次同源重组,实现Gluconobacter suboxydans基因组无痕修饰与改造,为今后代谢工程改造Gluconobacter suboxydans获得有价值的工业菌种奠定基础。