急性低氧暴露小鼠外周血代谢组变化分析

目的：探讨急性低氧对小鼠外周血代谢组的影响。方法：将14只小鼠随机分为正常组和低氧组。用基础饲料喂养2周后,将低氧组减压至6000m模拟高度停留8h,实验结束后,采集静脉血制备血浆待测。在核磁共振波谱仪进行^1H NMR检测,采用模式识别分析方法处理数据。结果：与正常组相比,低氧组乳酸含量明显增加,肉碱水平明显降低;脂类、丙氨酸、丙酮酸、谷氨酰胺、胆碱、牛磺酸和葡萄糖含量升高,缬氨酸、肛羟丁酸、谷氨酸、甘油、甘氨酸和丝氨酸含量下降。结论：急性低氧暴露使小鼠血浆碳水化合物、脂肪代谢和氨基酸代谢谱发生变化,表明低氧后能量代谢以及相关物质含量发生改变。     

果树代谢组学研究进展

果树代谢组学是继基因组学、蛋白质组学之后又一新兴的组学技术,主要是从代谢水平研究果树整体或局部代谢物变化差异,帮助发现新功能基因和了解代谢网络。目前果树代谢组学研究刚刚起步,相关研究相对较少,该文介绍了果树代谢组学的主要研究内容与方法以及在果树上的相关应用。     

Absolute Configuration of (+)-1-Acetoxy-p-menth-3-one Isolated from Essential Oil of Mentha gentilis (L.)

The most effective electro-energizing fermentation (E-E F) conditions for l-glutamate (l-Glu) production by Brevibacterium flavum No. 2247 were determined. The adding of 0.01 mm neutral red at the beginning of cultivation was found most effective. A 1.5 V direct current was applied to the culture broth at 6~8 hr after inoculation in the cathode compartment, l-Glu was produced at 51.0 mg per ml, and this is about a 15 % increase in yield compared to the yield of the not electro-energizing (E-E) control (44.3 mg/ml).     

Surface metabolites of the brown alga Taonia atomaria have the ability to regulate epibiosis

This study aimed to improve understanding of the strategies developed by the Mediterranean seaweed Taonia atomaria to chemically control bacterial epibiosis. An experimental protocol was optimized to specifically extract algal surface-associated metabolites by a technique involving dipping in organic solvents whilst the integrity of algal cell membranes was assessed by fluorescent microscopy. This methodology was validated using mass spectrometry-based profiles of algal extracts and analysis of their principal components, which led to the selection of methanol as the extraction solvent with a maximum exposure time of 15 s. Six compounds (A–F) were identified in the resulting surface extracts. Two of these surface-associated compounds (B and C) showed selective anti-adhesion properties against reference bacterial strains isolated from artificial surfaces while remaining inactive against epibiotic bacteria of T. atomaria. Such specificity was not observed for commercial antifouling biocides and other molecules identified in the surface or whole-cell extracts of T. atomaria.     

Comparative analysis of metabolome of rice seeds at three developmental stages using a recombinant inbred line population

Plants are considered an important food and nutrition source for humans. Despite advances in plant seed metabolomics, knowledge about the genetic and molecular bases of rice seed metabolomes at different developmental stages is still limited. Here, using Zhenshan 97 (ZS97) and Minghui 63 (MH63), we performed a widely targeted metabolic profiling in seeds during grain filling, mature seeds and germinating seeds. The diversity between MH63 and ZS97 was characterized in terms of the content of metabolites and the metabolic shifting across developmental stages. Taking advantage of the ultra‐high‐density genetic map of a population of 210 recombinant inbred lines (RILs) derived from a cross between ZS97 and MH63, we identified 4681 putative metabolic quantitative trait loci (mQTLs) in seeds across the three stages. Further analysis of the mQTLs for the codetected metabolites across the three stages revealed that the genetic regulation of metabolite accumulation was closely related to developmental stage. Using in silico analyses, we characterized 35 candidate genes responsible for 30 structurally identified or annotated compounds, among which LOC_Os07g04970 and LOC_Os06g03990 were identified to be responsible for feruloylserotonin and l ‐asparagine content variation across populations, respectively. Metabolite?agronomic trait association and colocation between mQTLs and phenotypic quantitative trait loci (pQTLs) revealed the complexity of the metabolite?agronomic trait relationship and the corresponding genetic basis.     

Simplified Intestinal Microbiota to Study Microbe-Diet-Host Interactions in a Mouse Model

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