Induction of malignant transformation in vitro and mammary tumors in rats by two new potent anthracycline antitumor antibiotics,morpholinodaunomycin and cyanomorpholinoadriamycin

The two new potent anthracycline antitumor antibiotics, morpholinodaunomycin and cyanomorpholinoadriamycin, are nonmutagenic or weakly mutagenic in Salmonella typhimurium or V79 Chinese hamster cells, but highly active inducing DNA repair in in cultured rat hepatocytes. Both agents were found to induce malignant transformation in vitro of C3H M2 mouse fibroblasts and mammary tumors in female Sprague-Dawley rats. The data indicate a) that these new anthracyclines, too, are highly oncogenic and b) in conjunction with previously published results, that the predictive value of in vitro short-term tests for in vivo carcinogenicity is dependent on the employment of a battery of such tests.Abbreviations ADM adriamycin - CNMoADM cyanomorpholinoadriamycin - DNM daunomycin - MNNG N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine Dedicated to Dr. J.H. Weisburger on his 65th birthday     

A variation in the structure of the protein-coding region of the human p53 gene

An extensive analysis of genomic DNA preparations from a number of normal and malignant tissues revealed BglII site polymorphism of the human p53 gene. Approximately 10% of p53 gene alleles were found to contain an additional BglII site localized in a region of intron I. This allelic form of p53 gene was also responsible for p53 protein having altered electrophoretic mobility. Molecular cloning and sequencing of both the alleles of p53 gene revealed a base-pair change in codon 72 causing arginine → proline substitution in the allele with the additional BglII site. Both variants of the p53 gene may occur in homozygous state and are therefore functional.     

Serum copper,zinc levels,and copper

Serum copper and zinc levels were determined in 20 healthy women and in 100 women with gynecological tumors. Malignant and benign tumor cases were separated according to their postoperative, histopathological examinations. The stages of malignant and benign tumors were also established histologically. Seventy benign and 30 malignant genital tumors (carcinoma of cervix in situ, cervix, ovary endometrium, and vulva) of the patients were differentiated histopathologically. The serum Cu/Zn ratios of patients were increased significantly from the control group (0.32±0.35) to the benign group (1.22±0.63) and from the benign group to the malignant group (2.24±1.03). Nine of 30 malignant cases were determined as false negative (30%) and 15 of 70 benign cases were determined as false positive (14.2%) according to the serum Cu/Zn ratios of patients. Serum copper levels of 30 malignant and 10 benign tumor cases showed linear correlation with serum ceruloplasmin values.     

Spontaneous malignant lymphoma in an African green monkey naturally infected with simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV)

An African green monkey naturally infected with simian T-lymphotropic virus (STLV) developed spontaneous malignant lymphoma of diffuse pleomorphic type. The clinical, hematological and histopathological characteristics were very similar to those of human adult T-cell leukemia.     

Patho- and immunobiology of malignant mesothelioma: characterisation of tumour infiltrating leucocytes and cytokine production in a murine model

Malignant mesothelioma (MM) is an aggressive, uniformly fatal serosal tumour, usually associated with asbestos exposure, for which there currently is no effective treatment. In order to gain insight into the mechanism(s) whereby MM might escape immune surveillance, a murine model for MM was used (a) to characterise the tumour-infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) and macrophages (TIM) phenotypically, (b) to examine systemic immune recognition of MM, and (c) to examine the possible influence of tumour-derived cytokines on systemic and local pathobiological manifestations of MM. A profound down-regulation of lymphocyte surface markers, known to be infolved in T cell activation, was found in TIL. Likewise, although TIM were present in large numbers, their expression of MHC class II antigen and integrins was weak or absent, suggestive of altered functional activity. Significant amounts of cytokines, in particular transforming growth factor , interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-1 and tumour necrosis factor were produced during the course of MM tumour development-directly by the MM cells and/or indirectly in response to tumour growth. These factors may contribute both to derangement of antitumour effector mechanisms and to the clinical and pathological manifestations of the disease.     

腮腺肿瘤患者行游离保留SMAS术后的复发及预后影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨腮腺肿瘤患者行游离保留SMAS术后的复发及预后影响因素分析。方法：以我院2016年3月-2022年1月收治的60例腮腺肿瘤患者作为研究对象。所有患者均行游离保留SMAS联合全腮腺切除术治疗。术后进行随访。采用χ²检验和独立样本t检验进行腮腺肿瘤患者预后复发及预后存活情况的亚组分析。采用Pearson检验进行相关性分析;采用Cox回归模型计算腮腺肿瘤患者预后的独立危险因素。结果：复发和未复发患者性别、年龄、BMI、糖尿病病史和高血压病史无显著差异（P＞0.05）;复发和未复发患者的淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、AJCC临床分期差异显著（P<0.05）;预后死亡和预后存活患者性别、年龄、BMI、糖尿病病史和高血压病史无显著差异（P＞0.05）;预后死亡和预后存活患者的淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、AJCC临床分期和复发情况差异显著（P<0.05）;淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、复发、AJCC临床分期与腮腺肿瘤患者预后存活情况密切相关（P<0.05）;多因素Cox分析结果显示,淋巴结转移、病理类型、TNM分期、复发、AJCC临床分期是独立危险因素（P<0.05）。结论：疾病相关因素是导致腮腺恶性肿瘤患者复发和死亡的重要因素,临床早期可针对性调整治疗方案以降低患者术后复发和恶性肿瘤。     

乳腺良恶肿瘤患者超声弹性成像定量参数与临床分期、病理分子分型的相关性分析

摘要 目的：探讨乳腺良恶肿瘤患者超声弹性成像定量参数与临床分期、病理分子分型的相关性。方法：选择2020年1月至2022年12月来我院诊治的乳腺肿块患者85例,均行超声弹性成像检查,分析85例乳腺肿块患者的病理检查结果,对比良恶性肿瘤患者的弹性成像参数,对弹性应变率、直径变化率、面积比及三者联合绘制ROC曲线,分析不同乳腺肿瘤患者临床分期的弹性成像参数,分析乳腺肿瘤患者病理分子分型的弹性成像参数。结果：85例乳腺肿块患者中,良性肿块35例,恶性肿块50例。恶性组的弹性应变率、肿块直径、直径变化率、肿块面积、面积比明显较良性组低（P<0.05）。面积比ROC曲线AUC为0.580,以1.73为临界值,乳腺恶性肿瘤的诊断灵敏度为73.5 %,特异度为38.5 %;直径变化率ROC曲线AUC为0.630,以0.28为临界值,诊断灵敏度为75.5 %,特异度为47.5 %;弹性应变率ROC曲线AUC为0.790,以15.2 cm²为临界值,诊断灵敏度为64.5 %,特异度为83.5 %,以三者联合绘制ROC曲线,AUC为0.920,诊断灵敏度为82.5 %,特异度为92.5 %。乳腺恶性肿瘤患者TNM分期Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ期者的弹性应变率、肿块直径、直径变化率、肿块面积、面积比对比有统计学意义（P<0.05）;其中Ⅳ期者的弹性应变率、肿块直径、直径变化率、肿块面积、面积比明显较Ⅲ、Ⅱ、Ⅰ期者高,Ⅲ期者明显较Ⅱ、Ⅰ期者高,Ⅱ期者明显较Ⅰ期高。乳腺恶性肿瘤患者Luminal A型者、Liminal B型者、Her2过表达型者、基底样型者的弹性应变率、肿块直径、直径变化率、肿块面积、面积比对比有统计学意义（P<0.05）;其中Liminal B型者的弹性应变率、肿块直径、直径变化率、肿块面积、面积比明显较Luminal A型者、Her2过表达型者、基底样型者高,Her2过表达型者明显较Luminal A型者、基底样型者高（P均<0.05）,Luminal A型者与基底样型者对比无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：超声弹性成像可用于乳腺良恶肿瘤的诊断,超声弹性成像定量参数可用于恶性乳腺肿瘤临床分期、Liminal B型、Her2过表达型的判断。     

Transformation of MMC-E epithelial cells by acute 3611-MSV: inhibition of collagen synthesis and induction of novel polypeptides

Mouse embryo epithelial cells MMC-E were transformed by novel fibrosarcoma-inducing murine sarcoma virus 3611-MSV. The cells were analyzed for the production and deposition of pericellular glycoproteins by immunofluorescence and by radioactive metabolic and cell surface labeling techniques followed by analysis in polyacrylamide gels and fluorography. The pericellular fibronectin matrix was lost, but unlike in virus-transformed fibroblastic cells, the production of fibronectin was not affected. The major differences detected were decrease in collagen production and initiation of synthesis of two major glycoproteins with Mr 58,000 and 60,000. Cell surface carbohydrate labeling indicated that after 3611-MSV transformation the cells expressed Mr 100,000 and 68,000 polypeptides. The present and previous results show that viral transformation of epithelial cells induces different transformed phenotypes that are associated with distinct alterations in pericellular glycoproteins.     

Selection of malignant melanoma variant cell lines for ovary colonization

Murine melanoma line B16-F1, which shows some specificity for metastatic organ colonization of lung but rarely metastasizes to ovary, was used to select variant cell lines with increased preference for experimental ovary metastasis. Ovary-colonizing melanoma cell lines were sequentially selected in syngeneic C57BL/6 mice by repeated intravenous administration and surgical recovery of ovarian melanoma tumors for tissue culture. After ten selections for experimental ovary metastasis, line B16-010 was established which formed experimental metastatic ovary tumors in almost every test animal. In tissue culture B16–010 cells grew in circular in circular colonies with rounded, smooth cell peripheries compared to B16-F1 cells which were flatter, grew in irregular patterns, and exhibited long cellular projections. Ovary-selected B16 lines contained less melainin pigment (B16-010 < B16-05 < B16-01 ? B16-F1) compared to the parental melanoma line. Together with previous cloning and selection data, these results are consistent with the preexistence of highly malignant cells in the parental tumor population that possess the ability to metastasize to specific organs.