降纤酶治疗高粘血症40例报告

目的：观察降纤酶治疗高粘血症患者的临床疗效。方法用生理盐水２５０ｍｌ加降纤酶５ｕ,体重超过６５ｋｇ和１０ｕ,静脉滴注,每天１次,连用３天,第４天停用,第５天开始隔天静脉滴注降纤酶５ｕ或者１０ｕ,总量６０ｕ。结果降纤酶能明显地降低高粘血症患者的血液粘度、纤维蛋白原、红细胞聚集指数、微循环滞留时间等,同时也能使患者原有临床症状和体征以及微循环得到明显改善,结论降纤酶是治疗高粘血症的有效药物。     

延髓头端腹外侧区注入肾上腺素对血液流变学的影响

实验用ＳＤ雄性大鼠７８只,采用束缚方法引起应激性高血粘度和血压升高。结果：（１）清醒大鼠束缚２ｄ可引起应激性高血粘度和血压升高。（２）双侧延髓头端腹外侧区（ｒＶＬＭ）微量注射肾上腺素（Ｅ,每侧０．５μｇ／０．５μｌ）可引起血粘度明显增高,此作用可预先在双侧ｒＶＬＭ注入α肾上腺素能受体阻断剂酚妥拉明所阻断,不能被β－肾上腺能受体阻断剂心得安所阻断。用同样剂量Ｅ注入双侧延髓尾端腹外侧区（ｃＶＬＭ）或静     

第四脑室注射吗啡对应激性高血粘度与血压升高的影响

实验用Wistar大鼠99只,雄性250g左右,随机分三组:对照组、悬吊加束缚组、悬吊一束缚加电针组。结果:(1)清醒大鼠束缚加悬吊可引起应激性高血粘度和血压升高,切断双侧颈迷走神经后上述现象仍存在。静脉注射心得安(0.3mg/ml)或酚妥拉明(0.3 mg/ml)对正常大鼠血压、血粘度影响不大,但对应激性血压升高均有抑制作用。静脉注射心得安还可降低应激性高血粘度。(2)电针大鼠右后肢对应激性高血粘度和血压升高有抑制作用。(3)第四脑室内注射吗啡(10μg/10 μl)15或30min后可降低应激性高血粘度和血压升高,注入等量生理盐水无变化。若在第四脑室注射纳洛酮 (10μg/10μl)则可部分阻断电针右后肢对悬吊-束缚诱发的高血粘度和血压升高的抑制作用。结果提示:悬吊-束缚大鼠可能兴奋交感神经传出系统经激活β受体诱发应激性高血粘度阻断α或β受体可降低应激性血压升高。脑内阿片肽可抑制应激性高血粘度和血压升高,脑内河片肽受体的激活可参与电针后肢对应激性高血粘度和血压升高的抑制作用。     

Waldenström macroglobulinemia – definition, symptoms, and treatment

Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia (WM) is a low-grade lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of mature IgM⁺ B-lymphocytes that remains incurable despite recent practice-altering therapeutic advances and refinements in patient care. Defining features of WM include symptoms that can either be attributed to the extent and site of tissue infiltration by tumor cells or the magnitude and immunological specificity of the monoclonal serum IgM (paraprotein). Current guidelines for the therapeutic stratification of patients with newly diagnosed WM recommend BR (bendamustin-rituximab) for bulky and/or symptomatic disease. DRC (dexamethasone-rituximab-cyclophosphamide) is a good treatment option for relapsed or refractory WM. Ibrutinib – a small-drug inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, approved for WM treatment in the United States and Europe in 2015 – is particularly effective for tumors that harbor the hallmark MYD88^L265P mutation. Plasma exchange is indicated in patients with IgM-dependent hyperviscosity syndrome. The potential development of novel drugs and combination regimens generates promise that the future of patients with WM is bright.     

Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia – definition,symptoms, and treatment

Waldenstr?m macroglobulinemia (WM) is a low-grade lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma of mature IgM⁺ B-lymphocytes that remains incurable despite recent practice-altering therapeutic advances and refinements in patient care. Defining features of WM include symptoms that can either be attributed to the extent and site of tissue infiltration by tumor cells or the magnitude and immunological specificity of the monoclonal serum IgM (paraprotein). Current guidelines for the therapeutic stratification of patients with newly diagnosed WM recommend BR (bendamustin-rituximab) for bulky and/or symptomatic disease. DRC (dexamethasone-rituximab-cyclophosphamide) is a good treatment option for relapsed or refractory WM. Ibrutinib – a small-drug inhibitor of Bruton tyrosine kinase, approved for WM treatment in the United States and Europe in 2015 – is particularly effective for tumors that harbor the hallmark MYD88^L265P mutation. Plasma exchange is indicated in patients with IgM-dependent hyperviscosity syndrome. The potential development of novel drugs and combination regimens generates promise that the future of patients with WM is bright.     

延髓头端腹外侧区血管升压素能机制在应激性高血粘度中的作用

观察延髓头端腹外侧区（ｒＶＬＭ）微量注射血管升压素（ＡＶＰ）能否影响正常大鼠的血压和血粘度,并分析ｒＶＬＭ内ＡＶＰ能机制在清醒大鼠经悬吊加束缚引起应激性升压反应和高血粘度中的影响。结果如下：⑴正常大鼠双侧ｒＶＬＭ微量注射ＡＶＰ（每侧０．５μｇ／０．５μｌ）,可引起血压和血粘度升高;此作用可被事先在同一位置微量注射ＡＶＰ－Ｖ１受体拮抗剂ｄ（ＣＨ２）５「Ｔｙｒ（Ｍｅ）＾２」ＡＶＰ（每侧０．１μｇ／０．