高压氧不同给氧时机对豚鼠听觉声损伤防治效果的观察

将四组豚鼠在125dBSPL,1KHz强声中暴露3小时。一组动物于声暴露前后吸空气作为对照组。其余三组动物吸2ATA高压氧(HBO),每次30分钟。其中于声暴露前吸1次者为预防组;于声暴露后连续吸14天次者为治疗组;于声暴露前吸1次,声后吸14天次者为HBO防治组。声暴露后,各组动物短声诱发皮层听区电位听阈上升。对照组听力损失最重,达70dB;预防组和防治组仅损失53dB和51dB(同对照组比P<0.01);治疗组损失68.5dB。短纯音测昕结果与此类似。对照组耳蜗病理损伤长度平均为527μm;预防组和防治组分别为142μm和106μm(P<0.05);治疗组为295μm。由此可以认为HBO对声损伤具有显著的预防作用。 文中讨论了高压氧的预防机理及其治疗作用     

Fermentative capacity of baker's yeast exposed to hyperbaric stress

Baker's yeast suspensions were incubated at different pressures (from 1 bar to 6 bar) and different gases [air, O(2) and a mixture of 8% (v/v) CO(2), 21% O(2) and N(2)]. Raising the air pressure from 1 bar to 6 bar stimulated cell growth but had no effect on leavening ability or viability of the cells. A 50% reduction of the CO(2) produced in dough occurred with 6 bar O(2) which also stopped growth. The fermentative capacity of the cells was stimulated by the cells exposure to increased CO(2) partial pressure up to 0.48 bar.     

Does the platelet-activating factor affect the antioxidant defense system?

The platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an inflammatory mediator and it may exert some of its effects by reactive oxygen species (ROS). We investigated the effects of PAF and hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO) on copper (Cu) and zinc (Zn) levels in plasma and the intracellular antioxidant enzyme activities of rats. PAF administration caused a decrease in erythrocyte catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities and in the plasma zinc level. Following PAF administration, exposure to HBO also caused a decrease in erythrocyte GPx activity. These results support the hypothesis that PAF may produce free oxygen radicals and HBO enhances this effect. The enzyme activities of the antioxidant defense system were found to be affected by these oxidative processes. This is likely to be the result of excessive production of ROS or overutilization and/or inhibition of the antioxidant enzymes.     

蕲蛇酶配以高压氧治疗急性脑梗死疗效分析

目的 探讨治疗急性脑梗死有效的方案。方法 观察发病在４８ｈ内的急性脑梗死患者７８例,随机分为蕲蛇酶配以高压氧治疗组（高压氧组）和蕲蛇酶治疗组（蕲蛇酶组）。结果 治疗前后两组总有效率分别为９４．７％和９２．５％。基本治愈、显著进步百分比是高压氧组高于蕲蛇酶组,但差异不显著（Ｐ〉０．０５）。神经功能缺损程度总分数治疗前后比较,蕲蛇酶配以高压氧组第１个疗程后,差异显著（Ｐ〈０．０５）,第２个疗程后,差异     

高压氧对体外培养的成骨细胞增殖和分化的影响

为探讨高压氧对成骨细胞增殖和成骨分化的影响,把来源于牙槽骨的成骨细胞接种在24孔培养皿中,每孔2 500个细胞,4个治疗组分别接受不同条件的高压氧治疗,分别是2.4ATA 90 min,2.4ATA 30 min,1.5ATA 90 min和1.5ATA30 min,每天一次,共10天.对照组进行常规的细胞培养.分别在高压氧治疗前和高压氧治疗后的1、2、3、4、6、8、10天,采用WST-1分析试剂进行成骨细胞的增殖分析.使用乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)毒性分析法检测高压氧对成骨细胞的毒性影响.另将细胞接种于96孔培养皿中,每孔10 000个细胞,正常培养3天后,改用成骨化培养基,24h后,两个治疗组分别接受2.4ATA 90 min和1.5ATA 90 min的高压氧治疗,每天一次共19次.采用钙沉积分析法、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性分析和Von Kossa染色进行成骨分析.同样的方法观察高压空气对细胞增殖和分化的影响.结果显示,在10%小牛血清培养基条件下,高压氧刺激了成骨细胞的增殖,而在使用2%小牛血清培养基时,并末观察到高压氧对细胞增殖的促进作用.高压氧治疗前后细胞外乳酸脱氢酶含量没有发生改变,提示了高压氧未对成骨细胞造成毒性影响.另一方面,高压氧增加了骨结节的形成,同时钙沉积增加,碱性磷酸酶的活力也显著增强,表明了高压氧促进了成骨细胞的成骨分化.     

Safety and whole-body antioxidant potential of a novel anthocyanin-rich formulation of edible berries

Edible berry extracts rich in anthocyanins possess a broad spectrum of therapeutic, pharmacologic and anti-carcinogenic properties. Six berry extracts (wild blueberry, bilberry, cranberry, elderberry, raspberry seeds and strawberry), singly and in combination, were studied in our laboratories for antioxidant efficacy, cytotoxic potential, cellular uptake and anti-angiogenic properties. Combinations of edible berry extracts were evaluated to develop a synergistic formula, OptiBerry, which exhibited high oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) value, low cytotoxicity and superior anti-angiogenic properties compared to the other combinations tested. The current study sought to determine the broad spectrum safety and antioxidant potential of OptiBerry in vivo. Acute oral LD₅₀ of OptiBerry was greater than 5 g/kg in rats. Acute dermal LD₅₀ of OptiBerry was greater than 2 g/kg. No changes in the body weight or adverse effects were observed following necropsy. Primary skin and eye irritation studies were conducted in New Zealand albino rabbits. OptiBerry was classified as slightly irritating to the skin (primary skin irritation index 0.3) and minimally irritating to the eye (maximum mean total score 6.0). The antioxidant potential of OptiBerry was investigated in rats and mice by assessing GSH redox status in tissues as well as by a unique state-of-the-art electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) imaging of whole-body redox status. A clinically relevant hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) exposure system (2 atm, 2 h) was employed to study the antioxidant properties of OptiBerry. OptiBerry feeding (8 weeks) significantly prevented HBO-induced GSH oxidation in the lung and liver of vitamin E-deficient Sprague Dawley rats. Furthermore, OptiBerry-fed mice, when exposed to HBO, demonstrated significant protection in whole-body HBO-induced oxidation compared to the unfed controls by EPR imaging. Taken together, these results indicate that OptiBerry is reasonably safe and possess antioxidant properties.     

Techniques for live capture of deepwater fishes with special emphasis on the design and application of a low-cost hyperbaric chamber

A cost effective, simple, portable hyperbaric chamber was constructed from polyvinyl chloride to aid in the collection of adult rockfishes Sebastes sp. to hold as broodstock. This system was designed to recompress fishes quickly once brought to the surface on hook and line, and to allow for decompression over a period of days. The hyperbaric chamber is capable of continuous stable operation at <1 033 515 N m⁻² and can accommodate fishes up to 91·4 cm in length and 26·8 cm in diameter. Pressure in the chamber is maintained by a Goulds Booster pump that delivers continuous pressure and supplies sea water at a rate of 3·8 to 7·6 l min⁻¹ to as many as four chambers. The hyperbaric chamber operated very effectively and allowed successful decompression of 12 cowcod Sebastes levis captured at depths of 90·2 to 146·3 m.     

Hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment for the fixation of implant prosthesis in oncology patients irradiated

doi: 10.1111/j.1741‐2358.2012.00636.x Hyperbaric oxygen therapy treatment for the fixation of implant prosthesis in oncology patients irradiated Objectives: This study aimed to present a clinical report of an irradiated oncologic patient who underwent hyperbaric oxygen therapy to be rehabilitated with implant‐supported prosthesis. Materials and Methods: A 67‐year‐old man was admitted at Oral Oncology Center (FOA‐UNESP) presenting a lesion on the mouth floor. After clinical evaluation, incisional biopsy and histopathological exam, a grade II squamous cell carcinoma was diagnosed. The patient was subjected to surgery to remove the lesion and partial glossectomy. Afterwards, the radiotherapy, in the left/right cervicofacial area of the supraclavicular fossa, was conducted. After 3 years of the surgery, the patient was submitted to hyperbaric oxygen therapy. Then, four implants were installed in patient’s mandible. Five months later, an upper conventional complete denture and lower full‐arch implant‐supported prosthesis were fabricated. Conclusion: The treatment resulted in several benefits such as improving his chewing efficiency, swallowing and speech, less denture trauma on the mucosa and improving his self‐esteem.