金针菇子实体多糖分离纯化及结构和免疫活性研究

从金针菇子实体中分离纯化多糖,并对多糖结构和体外免疫活性进行研究。采用水提醇沉法从金针菇子实体中提取粗多糖,利用DEAE-Cellulose-52及Sephacryl S-300HR柱层析纯化得到FVPⅠ-a,再利用HPLC-ELSD技术、红外及核磁共振对FVPⅠ-a进行结构解析。在体外以促RAW264.7巨噬细胞产NO、分泌细胞因子,促进小鼠淋巴细胞增殖实验,考察FVPⅠ-a增强免疫的能力。从金针菇子实体中分离纯化得到FVPⅠ-a,其为分子量81.4kDa,由葡萄糖、果糖和鼠李糖组成的β构型的吡喃型杂多糖。体外免疫实验表明,FVPⅠ-a能够促进RAW264.7巨噬细胞产生NO及分泌细胞因子（IL-1β,IL-6,TNF-α）,能单独的促进小鼠淋巴细胞增殖（P<0.05）,并能协同增强ConA和LPS对小鼠淋巴细胞的促增殖作用（P<0.01,P<0.05）。首次从金针菇子实体中获得FVPⅠ-a杂多糖,其在体外具有增强非特异性免疫反应及增强特异性免疫反应的能力。     

Partial characterization of extracellular polysaccharides produced by cyanobacterium Arthrospira platensis

In this study, the physico-chemical characteristics of extracellular polysaccharides (EPS) produced by Arthrospira platensis were evaluated. Elemental analysis and a bicinchoninic acid (BCA) reaction indicated that the EPS were heteropolysaccharides that contain carbohydrate (13%) and protein (55%) moieties. Analysis of the infrared spectrum and elemental analysis revealed the presence of a sulfate group (0.5%). The UV-visible spectrum showed high UV absorption at 190∼230 nm and a shoulder at 260∼280 nm. In addition, this spectrum indicated that EPS can form aggregates with mycosporine-like amino acids and/or scytonemin. Gas chromatography analysis of the carbohydrate portion of the EPS indicated that it was composed of seven neutral sugars: galactose (14.9%), xylose (14.3%), glucose (13.2%), frucose (13.2%), rhamnose (3.7%), arabinose (1%), and mannose (0.3%) and two uronic acids, galacturonic acid (13.5%) and glucuronic acid (0.9%).