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1.
Stanislav Lhota Veronika Roubov Vendula Gregorov Martina Kone
n 《American journal of primatology》2019,81(9)
Grooming in primates is often considered a “currency” that can be exchanged for other “services” or “commodities” such as reciprocal grooming, coalitionary support, infant handling, tolerance around food sources, active food sharing, or mating opportunities. Previous studies on primate grooming‐for‐sex exchange viewed the males as the demanding class, with the females as suppliers of mating opportunities. In this study, we examine the broader context of grooming‐for‐mating exchange in Barbary macaques in Gibraltar. Our data show that Barbary macaque males groom females with whom they are mating more frequently and for longer periods than other females, and the relationship between grooming and mating remains significant in both sexual and nonsexual contexts. In addition, females groomed males with whom they were mating more frequently and for longer periods than other males. In both sexes, grooming was observed to be far more frequent and to occur for longer durations in sexual compared to nonsexual contexts. We did not find any difference in grooming behavior between presexual and postsexual contexts. Our data suggest that there is no simple model to describe Barbary macaque grooming patterns in sexual contexts. Although our results are partly consistent with male use of grooming as payment for mating, broadly assessed grooming‐mating patterns cannot be solely explained by a male‐driven grooming‐for‐mating exchange. 相似文献
2.
Ola Broberg 《Hydrobiologia》1987,150(1):11-24
The acidified lakes Lake Gårdsjön and Lake Stora Hästevatten the reference lake have been monitored since 1979 and 1980 respectively. The lakes are situated in SW Sweden; in an area severly affected by acid deposition. Lake Gårdsjön was limed in spring 1982. This paper analyses changes in nutrient concentrations upon liming of Lake Gårdsjön. The liming of Lake Gårdsjön was followed by a slight increase in ammonium, nitrate, and dissolved organic nitrogen concentrations. A drastic decrease occurred in particulate nitrogen and particulate carbon, whereas dissolved organic carbon increased. Total phosphorus and particulate phosphorus concentrations were similar to pre-limed conditions. The long-term decrease in phosphorus concentration, exhibited by the reference lake, was not identified in Lake Gårdsjön after liming, but total phosphorus concentration was still less than half compared to Lake Gårdsjön in the early 1970's. Additional measures such as phosphorus fertilization, should in certain cases be considered in addition to liming if the goal is to restore lakes to their pre-acidic conditions. 相似文献
3.
Yunfan Sun Liang Wu Yu Zhong Kaiqian Zhou Yong Hou Zifei Wang Zefan Zhang Jiarui Xie Chunqing Wang Dandan Chen Yaling Huang Xiaochan Wei Yinghong Shi Zhikun Zhao Yuehua Li Ziwei Guo Qichao Yu Liqin Xu Jia Fan 《Cell》2021,184(2):404-421.e16
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4.
Shashank Hambarde Chi-Lin Tsai Raj K. Pandita Albino Bacolla Anirban Maitra Vijay Charaka Clayton R. Hunt Rakesh Kumar Oliver Limbo Remy Le Meur Walter J. Chazin Susan E. Tsutakawa Paul Russell Katharina Schlacher Tej K. Pandita John A. Tainer 《Molecular cell》2021,81(14):2989-3006.e9
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5.
Xiuyun Ye Shigeru Yoshida T. B. Ng 《The international journal of biochemistry & cell biology》2000,32(11-12)
A mild and rapid method is described for isolating various milk proteins from bovine rennet whey. β-Lactoglobulin from bovine rennet whey was easily adsorbed on and desorbed from a weak anion exchanger, diethylaminoethyl-Toyopearl. However, α-lactalbumin could not be adsorbed onto the resin. α-Lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin from rennet whey could also be adsorbed and separated using a strong anion exchanger, quaternary aminoethyl-Toyopearl. The rennet whey was passed through a strong cation exchanger, sulphopropyl-Toyopearl, to separate lactoperoxidase and lactoferrin. α-Lactalbumin and β-lactoglobulin were adsorbed onto quaternary aminoethyl-Toyopearl. α-Lactalbumin was eluted using a linear (0–0.15 M) concentration gradient of NaCl in 0.05 M Tris–HCl buffer (pH 8.5). Subsequently, β-lactoglobulin B and β-lactoglobulin A were eluted from the column with 0.05 M Tris–HCl (pH 6.8), using a linear (0.1–0.25 M) concentration gradient of NaCl. The yields were 1260 mg α-lactalbumin, 1290 mg β-lactoglobulin B and 2280 mg β-lactoglobulin A from 1 l rennet whey. 相似文献
6.
Xiao LiWei Xing Shuping Zhuo Jin ZhouFeng Li Shi-Zhang QiaoGao-Qing Lu 《Bioresource technology》2011,102(2):1118-1123
Series of nanoporous carbons are prepared from sunflower seed shell (SSS) by two different strategies and used as electrode material for electrochemical double-layer capacitor (EDLC). The surface area and pore-structure of the nanoporous carbons are characterized intensively using N2 adsorption technique. The results show that the pore-structure of the carbons is closely related to activation temperature and dosage of KOH. Electrochemical measurements show that the carbons made by impregnation-activation process have better capacitive behavior and higher capacitance retention ratio at high drain current than the carbons made by carbonization-activation process, which is due to that there are abundant macroscopic pores and less interior micropore surface in the texture of the former. More importantly, the capacitive performances of these carbons are much better than ordered mesoporous carbons and commercial wood-based active carbon, thus highlighting the success of preparing high performance electrode material for EDLC from SSS. 相似文献
7.
8.
格网尺度下典型旅游城市生态服务价值估算和时空分异特征——以三亚为例 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以典型旅游城市三亚市为案例地,利用2006-2018年4期Landsat遥感影像数据,借助ENVI、ArcGIS平台定量识别土地利用演变特征,在1km×1km格网尺度下估算旅游地生态系统服务价值,并结合空间探索性数据分析揭示生态系统服务价值时空分异特征及其与旅游地发展的时空耦合关系。结果表明:(1)2006-2018年间,三亚市生态系统服务价值总量呈逐年下降趋势,由6.73×109元降至5.76×109元,累计减少9.78×108元;(2)空间格局上,三亚市呈"南低北高"空间分异格局,2006-2018年增值区域连片分布于崖州区、天涯区、吉阳区南部区域,且呈逐年减少趋势,减值区域集聚于天涯区东北部、海棠区;(3)空间集聚上,生态系统服务价值截面各年份均呈显著空间正相关且相关性先降后增。高高集聚区位于天涯区北部区域,低低集聚区分布于沿海、海湾地区;(4)旅游发展与生态系统服务价值时空演化特征关联性较强。三亚市天涯区北部林地生态环境良好,生态系统服务价值略有下降但绝对数值稳定,是生态系统服务价值主要来源;旅游发展较为迅速的三亚湾、崖州湾以及海棠湾,相对增值区域较多,但绝对生态系统服务价值损失显著,严重滞后于其他区域。 相似文献
9.
Prasert Akkaramongkolporn Tanasait Ngawhirunpat Praneet Opanasopit 《AAPS PharmSciTech》2009,10(2):641-648
The differently sulfonated styrene–divinylbenzene cross-linked copolymer cationic exchange resins were prepared by oil-in-water
polymerization and varied degrees of sulfonation. Several characteristics of the obtained resins were evaluated, i.e., Fourier
transform infrared spectra, the ion-exchange capacity, microscopic morphology, size, and swelling. The resin characteristics
were altered in relation to the degree of sulfonation, proving that differently sulfonated resins could be prepared. The behavior
of chlorpheniramine (CPM) loading and in vitro release in the USP simulated gastric (SGF) and intestinal fluids (SIF) of the obtained resins were also evaluated. The CPM
loaded in the resinates (drug-loaded resins) increased with the increasing degree of sulfonic group and hence the drug binding
site in the employed resins. The CPM release was lower from the resins with the higher degree of sulfonic group due to the
increase in the diffusive path depth. The CPM release was obviously lower in SGF than SIF because CPM, a weak base drug, ionized
to a greater extent in SGF and then preferred binding with rather than releasing from the resins. In conclusion, the differently
sulfonated resins could be utilized as novel carriers for drug delivery. 相似文献
10.
生态意识及其主要特点 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
一、生态意识产生的时代背景生态意识作为人类思想的先进观念,产生于20世纪后半叶。产业革命以来二百多年,人类依据先进科学技术武装的强大生产力,无限制地向自然进 相似文献