松嫩平原盐碱化草地生态系统的模拟研究

利用面向对象技术及新型编程语言JAVA,建立了物理过程模型来模拟土壤水分、盐化／脱盐过程和碱化／脱碱过程。在此基础上建立了基于过程的模型并分别模拟了以羊草（Aneurolepidium chinese (Trin.)Kitag.）、虎尾草（Chloris virgata Sw.）、星星草（Puccinellia tenuiflora(Turcz.)Scribn.et Merr.）和碱蓬（Suaeda glauca Bunge）为建群种的4种植物群落的地上生物量、地下生物量以及枯死生物量的变化动态。模型以1d为步长,适合于模拟异质性强的土训水盐动态和多种植物群落的生长动态。利用吉林省长岭的气修资料和试验资料,模拟了1991、1996、1997、1998年土壤湿度动态,1991年4种植物群落土壤盐分、碱化度和pH值变化动态,以及1991年4种群落生长动态,并分别利用实验资料进行了验证,模拟效果非常理想。     

Simulation Study on the Alkalized-salinized Grassland Ecosystem in the Songnen Plain

Using Object-oriented design and a new programming language JAVA, a physically-based model was built to simulate the hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes in soil. Furthermore, a process-based model was built to evaluate the dynamics of four herbaceous ecosystems (including dynamics of above-ground biomass, below-ground biomass, and litter biomass), each dominated by Aneurolepidium chinense (Trin.) Kitag., Chloris virgata Sw., Puccinellia tenuiflora (Turcz.) Scribn. et Merr. and Suaeda glauca Bunge. This model is a daily-time step model, suitable for simulating hydrological, alkalization/de-alkalization and salinization/desalinization processes of heterogeneous soil, and growth dynamics of different grassland communities. With climatic data and experimental data of Changling Experimental Site in Jilin Province, the soil moisture content (in 1991, 1996, 1997 and 1998), soil salt concentration, exchangeable cation percentage and pH in soil and growth dynamics of these four sorts of grassland communities (in 1991) were simulated and the results were verified to be in accord with observed data.     

Contents of volume 137 1991

The halophyte, Suaeda salsa, was grown in saline soil in pots and watered with a NaCl solution containing 0.2 g L^-1 Na-ions. S. salsa accumulated Na during a 120-day growing period and caused a net reduction in the Na content of the soil. S. salsa also decreased the Na content of saline soil in a field experiment. The Na content of the soil at depth 20–30 cm was reduced by 4.5% with S. salsa at a density of 15 plants m^-2 and by 6.7% with a density of 30 plants m^-2. In contrast, the Na content was decreased by only 1% with Medicago sativa at 15 plant m^-2 and increased by 3.8% with bare soil. The results confirm that S. salsa is an effective salt absorber in saline soils.