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An efficient impedance method was developed for rapid evaluation of cosmetic preservatives. The method used decimal reduction time or D-value to assess preservative efficacies. The D-value, which was calculated from the plot of Log CFU ml–1 versus time by linear regression analysis, could be obtained within 48 h. Thus, the time required for the challenge test was reduced from 4–8 weeks with the standard procedures (eg US Pharmacopeia), to 2 days with the current method. A calibration curve (r=-0.95) was established by plotting the Log CFU ml–1 versus capacitance detection time (DT) of 108 samples. With the calibration, CFU can be estimated directly from the impedance test without plating. Two commercial biocides and several other chemicals were evaluated in a shampoo by the impedance procedure againstPseudomonas aeruginosa. The D-values obtained from the impedance test were not significantly different from those produced by the conventional plate count method. The technique was found to be particularly useful when screening a large number of compounds to find novel preservatives and synergistic preservative combinations. 相似文献
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目的:探讨聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶注射隆胸后取出新方法.方法:对48例注射聚丙烯酰胺水凝胶隆胸患者术前行双乳MRI或彩超检查结合触诊准确定位.全麻小切口开放直视下吸出水凝胶,再用大量生理盐水反复灌洗所有腔隙,直至手感探测不到硬结,盐水中无水凝胶为止.结果:48例患者术后无继发感染和出血等并发症.术前诸症状体征消失,无明显乳房变形,乳房形态术后恢复满意.术后双乳MRI复查未见明显异物残留.术后1 ~12月(6.2±0.3月)45例随访复查MRI亦未见异物残留,乳房修复完好.结论:注射隆乳后腔内大量盐水灌洗辅助取出水凝胶具有创伤小、出血少、操作简单、费用低廉的优点,是一种较好的、值得推广的凝胶取出术式. 相似文献
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Aims: The aim of the study was to verify the antimicrobial activity of commercial essential oils: lavender, tea tree and lemon as the components of a preservative system in oil in water body milks. Methods and Results: The inhibition efficacy of essential oils alone (0·5%), in mixtures (1%) as well as combined with the synthetic preservative 1,3‐dimethylol‐5,5‐dimethylhydantoin and a 3‐iodo‐2‐propynyl butyl carbamate mixture (0·1% and 0·2%) was tested against Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 6538, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 9027, Candida sp. ?OCK 0008 and Aspergillus niger ATCC 16404 in compliance with the standards of the European Pharmacopoeia Commission. The in vitro activity of oils determined by an impedimetric method was also compared with their activity in cosmetic preparations. Criterion A for bacteria (reduction in the inoculum by 3 logarithmic units within 7 days with no increase up to the 28th day) and fungi (reduction in the inoculum by 2 logarithmic units within 14 days with no increase up to the 28th day) was fulfilled for cosmetic formulations containing the tested essential oils with 0·2% of the synthetic preservative. The preservative concentration could be decreased to 0·1% (with preserving the same efficacy) in combination with lavender and tea tree oils at a concentration of 0·5% each. Conclusions: In all combinations of essential oils with the synthetic preservative, a synergistic effect of the preservative system components was observed, which made it possible to reduce the usable level of the synthetic preservative up to 8·5 times. Significance and Impact of the Study: To develop an effective preservative system in cosmetics in which a synthetic chemical preservative is replaced by natural essential oils. 相似文献
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Application of an aqueous two‐phase micellar system to extract bromelain from pineapple (Ananas comosus) peel waste and analysis of bromelain stability in cosmetic formulations 下载免费PDF全文
Lívia Genovez Spir Janaína Artem Ataide Letícia Celia De Lencastre Novaes Daniela De Borba Gurpilhares Patrícia Moriel Edgar Silveira Adalberto Pessoa Jr. Elias Basile Tambourgi Priscila Gava Mazzola 《Biotechnology progress》2015,31(4):937-945
Bromelain is a set of proteolytic enzymes found in pineapple (Ananas comosus) tissues such as stem, fruit and leaves. Because of its proteolytic activity, bromelain has potential applications in the cosmetic, pharmaceutical, and food industries. The present study focused on the recovery of bromelain from pineapple peel by liquid–liquid extraction in aqueous two‐phase micellar systems (ATPMS), using Triton X‐114 (TX‐114) and McIlvaine buffer, in the absence and presence of electrolytes CaCl2 and KI; the cloud points of the generated extraction systems were studied by plotting binodal curves. Based on the cloud points, three temperatures were selected for extraction: 30, 33, and 36°C for systems in the absence of salts; 40, 43, and 46°C in the presence of KI; 24, 27, and 30°C in the presence of CaCl2. Total protein and enzymatic activities were analyzed to monitor bromelain. Employing the ATPMS chosen for extraction (0.5 M KI with 3% TX‐114, at pH 6.0, at 40°C), the bromelain extract stability was assessed after incorporation into three cosmetic bases: an anhydrous gel, a cream, and a cream‐gel formulation. The cream‐gel formulation presented as the most appropriate base to convey bromelain, and its optimal storage conditions were found to be 4.0 ± 0.5°C. The selected ATPMS enabled the extraction of a biomolecule with high added value from waste lined‐up in a cosmetic formulation, allowing for exploration of further cosmetic potential. © 2015 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Biotechnol. Prog., 31:937–945, 2015 相似文献
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L Jimenez R Ignar S Smalls P Grech J Hamilton Y Bosko D English 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1999,22(2):93-95
PCR assays were compared with standard microbiological methods for rapid detection of the United States Pharmacopoeia (USP)
bacterial indicators in artificially contaminated samples of raw materials and cosmetic/pharmaceutical products. DNA primers
containing the specific sequences of the uidA gene of the β-glucuronidase enzyme for Escherichia coli, the membrane lipoprotein gene oprL for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and the 16S ribosomal gene for Staphylococcus aureus were used for detection in the PCR reaction. Contaminated samples were incubated for 24 h at 35°C. After incubation in broth
media with and without 4% Tween 20, samples were streaked on selective growth media. After 5–6 days, all microbial indicators
were morphologically and biochemically identified using standard methods while detection and identification by the PCR-based
assays was completed within 27–30 h. Rapid PCR detection of E. coli, S. aureus, and P. aeruginosa will allow a faster quality evaluation and release of raw materials and cosmetic/pharmaceutical products sensitive to microbial
contamination.
Received 21 June 1998/ Accepted in revised form 11 January 1999 相似文献
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BackgroundIn the context of the high incidence of breast cancer and the high frequency of breast cosmetic surgeries, malignant and/or premalignant lesions are frequently detected incidentally in postoperative histopathology specimens. The current literature does not provide clear practice guidelines for the use of preoperative imaging prior to non-oncological breast surgeries.ObjectivesIn this study, we aimed to determine the current practices of plastic surgeons at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH) and their use of preoperative breast imaging before non-oncological breast surgeries.DesignNon-intervention/ retrospective record review.SettingsDepartment of Radiology at King Abdulaziz University Hospital (KAUH).MethodsIn 08/06/2017 at King Abdulaziz University Hospital, we conducted a single-center, retrospective chart review of the medical files of candidates for non-oncological breast surgery in order to examine preoperative imaging requests by plastic surgeons in the period 01/01/2013 to 08/06/2017.Main outcome measuresThe practice of plastic surgeons at KAUH in requesting preoperative imaging prior non-oncological breast surgeries.Sample size104 patients.ResultsWe found that, in the period 2013 to 2017, 104 women who underwent non-oncological breast surgeries were evaluated for recent preoperative breast imaging. Only 37 patients (35.6%) were found to have had preoperative imaging, and only less than one fifth (19.4%) of those 37 patients had abnormal preoperative imaging results, all of which were negative for malignancy.ConclusionsAlthough the yield of malignancy on preoperative breast imaging was zero in women seeking non-oncological breast surgeries at KAUH, we recommend the establishment of unified practice guidelines to be followed by plastic surgeons for better postoperative screening in different risk groups.LimitationsLack of follow up of patients postoperatively for any development of malignancy. 相似文献