EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN FOUR SPECIES OF CLADOPHORA (CLADOPHORALES,CHLOROPHYTA) BASED ON DNA–DNA HYBRIDIZATION1

Analysis of the reassociation kinetics of the DNA from Cladophora pellucida (Huds.) Kütz. indicates that the genome of this benthic alga is comprised of approximately 75% repetitive sequences. Single-copy sequences reassociated with a rate constant of 1.8 × 10^?3 M^?1· s^?1, which corresponds to a haploid genome size of 4.7 × 10⁸ bp. Genotypic relationships between members of the form section Longiarticulatae were determined by the method of DNA–DNA hybridization. No significant divergence was observed between the single-copy sequences of C. pellucida isolates from the East Atlantic coast and Mediterranean Sea. Cladophora feredayi Harv. and C. att. ad pellucida from Australia and C. pellucidoidea van den Hoek from the West Atlantic coast were highly and about equally divergent from C. pellucida. The data support the hypothesis that the West Atlantic–West Pacific divergence reflects the middle Miocene closure of the Mediterranean–Indo-Pacific seaways, and the hypothesis that the Northwest Atlantic–Northeast Atlantic divergence reflects the middle Miocene thermal separation of these coasts.     

金黄色葡萄球菌中PVL基因与噬菌体DNA的同源性

为了探讨金黄色葡萄球菌PVL基因与噬菌体的相关性,从4株含有PVL基因的菌株中分离出DNA,用HindⅢ或EcoRI酶切后,分别与PVL和Lukm-lukF-PV探针进行Southern印迹杂交,以及对含有PVL基因及其下游区域的片段克隆、测序和同源性分析。结果表明3株菌的PVL基因及其下游区域的序列与V8菌株噬菌体ΦPVL的PVL基因及其下游噬菌体stt site的序列一致。另一菌株的LukM-lukF-PV基因与ΦPVL,的PVL基因有78％的同源性,并且在LukM-lukF-PV基因的下游区域发现与金黄色葡萄球菌噬菌体Φ11整合位点有98％同源性的序列,根据PVL基因存在于噬菌体的基因组上,推测可通过噬菌体转导在金黄色葡萄球菌中传播。