枯草杆菌BS-98分泌的抗真菌蛋白的分离纯化及其部分性质的研究

拮抗菌（Bacillussubtilis）BS-98菌株在BPY液体培养基中产生的蛋白质经硫酸铵分级盐析、SephsdexG-100柱层析、DEAE-纤维素柱层析和SephadexG－100柱再层析后,分离纯化得到的抗菌蛋白在电泳中显现出三条带。经初步纯化的抗菌蛋白对热稳定,对蛋白酶部分敏感。抑菌谱测定表明,抗菌蛋白对芦笋茎枯病菌、小麦赤霉病菌、棉花枯萎病菌、棉花黄萎病菌、灰霉菌、立枯丝核菌等病原真菌及黄瓜角斑病菌都具有强烈的抑制作用。     

天门冬纳米制剂对小鼠抗氧化系统的影响

目的:探讨中药天门冬及其纳米制剂对小鼠心肌线粒体中超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,丙二醛(MDA)含量,肝组织中谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性的影响,观察纳米制剂能否更有效地改善机体的抗氧化能力.方法:采用D-半乳糖致衰老小鼠分别ig相同剂量的天门冬水提液及其纳米中药15 d,测定衰老小鼠心肌线粒体中SOD活性、MDA含量及肝组织中GSH-Px活性.结果:天门冬水提液及其纳米中药均能显著增强天门冬及其纳米中药均可提高小鼠心肌线粒体中SOD的活性(P<0.01),肝组织GSH-Px活性(P<0.01),降低心肌线粒体中MDA(P<0.05),且纳米中药的药效强于天门冬水提液的药效(P<0.01).结论:天门冬纳米制剂抗氧化能力优于天门冬超声波水提液.     

中国柱隔孢菌属及其近似属的研究I.

本文报道柱隔孢菌属二新种和菌绒孢属一个中国新记录种。新种是天门冬柱隔孢Ramulariaasparagi,寄生在百合科Liliaceae文竹Aspargisplumosus上;香茶菜柱隔孢Ramulariarabdosiae,寄生在唇形科Labiatae香茶菜Rabdosiaamethystoides上。新记录种是甜苦菌绒孢Mycovellosielladulcamarae。文中为新种提供了拉丁文描述和附图。研究标本保存于云南农业大学真菌标本室(MHYAU)。     

拮抗菌BS—98分泌抗菌蛋白的条件及其发酵液特性

由本室分离得到一株强烈抑制芦笋茎枯病等植物病原真菌的拮抗菌ＢＳ—９８菌株（Ｂａｃｉｌｌｕｓｓｕｂｔｉｌｉｓ）。用环柱法检测该菌株的抗菌活性表明,该菌株除抑制芦笋茎枯病菌ＰｈｏｍａａｓｐａｒａｇｉＳａｃｃ外,对小麦赤霉病菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｇｒａｍｉｎｅａｒｕｍ）,棉花枯萎病菌（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍｆｓｐ．Ｖａｓｉｎｆｅｃｔｕｍ）、棉花黄萎病菌（Ｖｅｒｔｉｃｉｌｌｕｍａｌｂｏ—ａｔｒｕｍ）、黄瓜灰霉病菌（Ｂｏｔｒｙｔｉ     

Alternative Hosts for Fusarium spp. Causing Crown and Root Rot of Asparagus in Spain

Asparagus crown and root rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asparagi (Foa), F. proliferatum (Fp) and F. solani (Fs) result in early decline and loss of crop production. The role of several crop species on the survival of the Fusarium spp. was investigated. The root symptoms and plant weight of seven crop species were evaluated after inoculation with each of the three Fusarium spp. The number of colony‐forming units of the Fusarium spp. from root tissues was also determined. Garlic was shown to be a symptomatic host for Foa, Fp and Fs; Fs was also pathogenic to onion. Root colonization of garlic, onion, maize, wheat, potato and sunflower suggested that they are reservoirs of Foa, Fp and Fs from asparagus and demonstrated the importance of crop rotation on the development of this asparagus disease.     

中国柱隔孢菌属及其近似属的研究I.*

本文报道柱隔孢菌属二新种和菌绒孢属一个中国新记录种。新种是天门冬柱隔孢Ramulariaasparagi,寄生在百合科Liliaceae文竹Aspargisplumosus上;香茶菜柱隔孢Ramulariarabdosiae,寄生在唇形科Labiatae香茶菜Rabdosiaamethystoides上。新记录种是甜苦菌绒孢Mycovellosielladulcamarae。文中为新种提供了拉丁文描述和附图。研究标本保存于云南农业大学真菌标本室(MHYAU)。     

Inoculum sources of Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asparagi in asparagus production

Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. asparagi (Foa) incites crown and root rot of asparagus which causes early decline of asparagus plantings. The aim of the present study was to identify the main inoculum sources of the pathogen in the Netherlands. As has been reported for foreign seed lots, Dutch seed lots can be infested with Foa at low levels. We found that seed infestation occurs mainly during the seed harvesting process through infested soil adhering to fallen berries. Soil samples from 59 fields without a history of asparagus growing and differing in their distance from asparagus plantings were tested for infestation with Foa, using a bioassay with asparagus as a bait plant. A high correlation was found between the incidence of infestation and proximity to asparagus fields; Foa was found in 69% of the samples from fresh fields in an asparagus production centre, and in only 6% of the samples from fields at a distance of 1 km and more from asparagus fields and outside a production centre. To evaluate planting material as an inoculum source of Foa, 49 lots of one-year-old crowns from 23 nurseries were collected and rated for disease symptoms. Infestation was found to be common with only two lots free of symptomatic plants. Most of the lots had more than 75% of symptomatic plants. Although most of the plants were infested, they showed only slight root rot symptoms. The procedure for production of Foa-free planting material is discussed. Persistence and infestation of asparagus root residues in former asparagus fields was assessed by retrieving the residues from eight former asparagus fields with an asparagus-free period of one to 25 years, and three fields with a standing asparagus crop. Even after an asparagus-free period of 25 yr asparagus root residues were retrieved from soil, although at low levels. Mean population densities of Fusarium spp. declined from 2 times 10⁶ to 1 times 10⁵ colony forming units g^_1 air-dry root tissue during the first 10 years and were still > 10⁴ c.f.u. g“¹ air-dry root tissue 20 to 25 yr after asparagus produced was stopped. The population was dominated by F. oxysporum. Eighty-three of the 112 isolates (74%) of F. oxysporum belonged to the forma specialis asparagi. The proportion of Foa in the population did not decrease in time. It was concluded that persistence of Foa in asparagus root residues is a major reason for its long-term survival.