湖北省五大湖泊水生植物多样性的比较研究

对湖北省五大湖泊斧头湖、洪湖、梁子湖、长湖和西凉湖水生植物多样性进行了监测、为保护与可持续利用提供依据,本文将断面法与GIS及GPS技术相结合,通过野外调查和分析前人的工作,揭示了五大湖泊水生植物多样性的现状和50余年来的变化,探讨了人为干扰强度与多样性丰富程度及丧失程度的关系,主要结论是:(1)2001年斧头湖、洪湖、梁子湖、长湖和西凉湖各分布有水生植物61种、94种、8种、92种和种,种数/面积比值以重度干扰的斧头湖和洪湖最小(分别为0.53与0.2种/km2),以轻度干扰的西凉湖最大(1.0种/km2).(2)斧头湖、洪湖、梁子湖、长湖与西凉湖现各有水生植物群丛类型5、5、12、12和13个,植被覆盖率分别是16.30%、16.43%、32.56%、45.16%和62.04%,全湖平均单位面积生物量(鲜重)分别为299.0g/m2、64.2g/m2、808.6g/m2、1039.1g/m2和119.8g/m2.(3)近50余年来斧头湖、洪湖、梁子湖、长湖和西凉湖水生植被分布区严重缩小、覆盖率显著下降、生物量极大降低,分别有9、8、5、3和1种水生植物消失,消失的水生植物群丛类型数各为、8、4、2和1个.(4)多样性的丰富程度随人为干扰强度的增强而下降,多样性的丧失程度随干扰强度的增强而上升;围网养殖比围垦对五大湖泊水生植物多样性的破坏更为严重.       

Distinctive tracheid microstructure in stems of Victoria and Euryale (Nymphaeaceae)

Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs of thick sections from liquid‐preserved stems of Victoria cruziana and Euryale ferox show accretions of coarse fibrils on pit membranes of tracheids. The first‐deposited fibrils are randomly orientated; on top of them (facing the tracheid lumina) are axially orientated coarse fibrils. The two systems are interconnected. Axially orientated fibrils were more extensively observed in Euryale than in Victoria and tips of fibrils in Euryale extend over the pit apertures onto secondary wall surfaces. Tracheid–parenchyma interfaces bear rudimentary coarse fibrils on the tracheid side. End walls of Victoria tracheids have highly porose pit membranes, thinner and less complex than those of the lateral intertracheid walls. The structures reported in Victoria and Euryale are consistent with those concurrently reported for stems of other Nymphaeaceae. Although also present in Cabombaceae, the coarse fibrils are otherwise not reported for stems of angiosperms and are not yet reported in roots of any species. Pit membrane remnants in perforation plates of various woody dicotyledons represent a nonhomologous phenomenon. The accretions of coarse fibrils in stem tracheids of Nymphaeaceae do not appear to enhance conduction, although they do contain porosities interconnecting tracheids. Removal of pit membrane remnants from perforation plates of primitive dicotyledon woods by hydrolysis does, on the contrary, suggest conduction enhancement. © 2009 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 2009, 159 , 52–57.     

Karyology of some Brazilian species of Alismataceae

The family Alismataceae ( sensu Cronquist) comprises 11 genera and 75 species of aquatic and semiaquatic herbs. In Brazil, only the two most speciose genera, Echinodorus Rich. ex Engelm. and Sagittaria L., are present. The chromosome number 2 n  = 22 is common to all species. We present karyotypes for eight species, together with their asymmetry index (TF%) and total chromatin length (TCL). All karyotypes have high karyotypic asymmetry and TCL, due to their large and mostly acrocentric chromosomes. The chromosomal evolution of the Alismatidae group is discussed.  © 2003 The Linnean Society of London, Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society , 2003, 143 , 159−164.     

Systematic anatomy of vegetative organs of the Hydrocharitaceae

The anatomy of the Hydrocharitaceae is described in relation to the modes of life of the family. Leaf morphology depends on the ecology of the species. The xylem is simple with relatively primitive characters, but the phloem shows a contradictory evolutionary trend, possessing the highly evolved characters of large, wide sieve-tube elements with more or less horizontal, simple sieve-plates and a single companion cell to each element. Characters of taxonomic value within the family exist but are lewer and less satisfactory than those in families such as the Cyperaceae; such characters are the shape of the axillary scales, the pattern of occurrence of tannin secretory cells and the diaphragm cells of roots.
A microfiche of data and plates of illustrations not printed in the journal is available.