排序方式: 共有3条查询结果,搜索用时 0 毫秒
1
1.
Francesca Gherardi Sandro Bertolino Marco Bodon Sandra Casellato Simone Cianfanelli Marco Ferraguti Elisabetta Lori Graziella Mura Annamaria Nocita Nicoletta Riccardi Giampaolo Rossetti Emilia Rota Riccardo Scalera Sergio Zerunian Elena Tricarico 《Biological invasions》2008,10(4):435-454
The paper provides a list of the non-indigenous animal species occurring today in Italian inland waters. Xenodiversity was
found to amount to 112 species (64 invertebrates and 48 vertebrates), which contribute for about 2% to the inland-water fauna
in Italy. Northern and central regions are most affected, and Asia, North America, and the rest of Europe are the main donor
continents. The large majority of non-indigenous species entered Italy as a direct or indirect effect of human intervention.
A difference between invertebrates and vertebrates was found for their mode of arrival (unintentional for invertebrates and
intentional for vertebrates). Accidental transport, in association with both fish (for aquaculture or stock enhancement) and
crops, has been the main vector of invertebrate introductions, whereas vertebrates were mostly released for stocking purposes.
Overall stock enhancement (47.92%) and culture (37.5%) prevailed over the other pathways. Seventeen and 7 species of our list
are included among the 100 worst invasive species of Europe (DAISIE) and of the world (IUCN), respectively. For some (but
not all) non-indigenous species recorded in Italy the multilevel impact exerted on the recipient communities and ecosystems
is known, even if rarely quantified, but knowledge on their chronic impact is still missing. Additional research is needed
to provide criteria for prioritizing intervention against well established invaders and identify which new potential invader
should be targeted as “unwanted”. 相似文献
2.
Are aliens threatening European aquatic coastal ecosystems? 总被引:2,自引:2,他引:0
Inshore waters of European coasts have accumulated a high share of non-indigenous species, where a changeable palaeoenvironment has caused low diversity in indigenous biota. Also strongly transformed modern coastal ecosystems seem to assimilate whatever species have been introduced and tolerate the physical regime. Adding non-native species does not have any directional predetermined effects on recipient coastal ecosystems. The status of being a non-native rather refers to a position in evolutionary history than qualify as an ecological category with distinct and consistent properties. Effects of invaders vary between habitats and with the phase of invasion and also with shifting ambient conditions. Although aliens accelerate change in European coastal biota, we found no evidence that they generally impair biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. More often, invaders expand ecosystem functioning by adding new ecological traits, intensifying existing ones and increasing functional redundancy. 相似文献
3.
Marina I. Orlova Irena V. Telesh Nadezhda A. Berezina Alexander E. Antsulevich Alexey A. Maximov Larissa F. Litvinchuk 《Helgoland Marine Research》2006,60(2):98-105
An increase of xenodiversity in plankton and benthos in the eastern Gulf of Finland was observed from 1998 to 2004. Nonindigenous species account for 4.8% of all species found and up to 96% of total biomass. Invasive benthic omnivores, the alien amphipods Gmelinoides fasciatus and Pontogammarus robustoides and the predaceous fish Perccottus glenii with their versatile diets strongly affect the community structure. Invasive sessile seston-feeders that directly (through grazing and water clearance) and indirectly (through recycling of nutrients) interact with other ecosystem components, are mainly represented by the zebra mussel Dreissena polymorpha, which affect the structure of benthic and planktonic communities as well as benthic-pelagic coupling. The invasive predatory cladocerans Cercopagis pengoi and Evadne anonyx and larvae of D. polymorpha are only temporary components in the zooplankton, which is limiting their overall effect. Alien benthic bioturbators, the polychaetes Marenzelleria neglecta and the oligochaete Tubificoides pseudogaster account for a high proportion of total abundance and biomass but their effects on native species need further research. 相似文献
1