肺炎支原体肺炎伴喘息儿童血清25(OH)D_3、Th17/Treg表达水平与肺功能的关系

目的:探讨肺炎支原体肺炎伴喘息儿童血清25羟基维生素D3[25(OH)D_3]、辅助性17细胞/调节性T细胞(Th17/Treg)表达水平与肺功能的关系。方法:将新疆医科大学第五附属医院收治的肺炎支原体肺炎伴喘息患儿26例作为肺炎伴喘息组,肺炎支原体肺炎不伴有喘息患儿54例作为肺炎不伴喘息组,另选取健康儿童30例作为对照组,比较各组血清25(OH)D_3、白细胞介素(IL)-10、IL-17、Th17细胞及Treg细胞占CD4+T细胞比例及肺功能,并分析其相关性。结果:肺炎伴喘息组血清25(OH)D_3、IL-10、Treg细胞占CD4+T细胞比例低于肺炎不伴喘息组、对照组,Th17细胞占CD4+T细胞比例、Th17/Treg、IL-17高于肺炎不伴喘息组、对照组(P0.05)。各组第一秒最大呼气量占用力肺活量百分比(FEV1/FVC)比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05),肺炎伴喘息组FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%pred)、峰值呼气流量(PEF)低于肺炎不伴喘息组、对照组(P0.05),肺炎不伴喘息组与对照组FEV1%pred、PEF比较无统计学意义(P0.05)。肺炎伴喘息组患儿血清25 (OH)D_3与Th17/Treg、IL-17呈负相关(P0.05),与IL-10、FEV1%pred、PEF呈正相关(P0.05),血清Th17/Treg与IL-10、FEV1%pred、PEF呈负相关(P0.05),与IL-17呈正相关(P0.05)。结论:肺炎支原体肺炎伴喘息儿童血清25(OH)D_3、Th17/Treg表达水平异常,肺功能下降,且25(OH)D_3、Th17/Treg表达水平与肺功能相关。     

Inverse association between Helicobacter pylori and pediatric asthma in a high-prevalence population

Background: Helicobacter pylori‐associated disease has led to aggressive diagnostic and eradication protocols that are partially responsible for the decrease in prevalence of H. pylori carriage. Recent evidence indicates that in low‐prevalence populations, H. pylori may have protective effects on allergic diseases. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between pediatric asthma and H. pylori infection in a population with high prevalence of H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods: A national referral laboratory was screened for all ¹³C urea breath tests performed in children aged 5–18 years between 2007 and 2008, for patient demographics and physician‐diagnosed asthma. Data concerning asthma‐associated medication usage were extracted from electronic medical records and databases. Data were analyzed using a stepwise logistic regression model. Results: During the study period, 6959 patients underwent urea breath testing (average age 12.4 ± 3.5 years). Of these, 3175/6959 (45.6%) were positive for H. pylori, and 578/6959 (8.3%) had asthma. Rates of asthma in H. pylori‐positive and H. pylori‐negative children were 7.3 and 9.1%, respectively (odds ratio 0.82; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.69–0.98; p = .032). We also confirmed that male gender, urban residence, and age are associated with childhood asthma. Conclusions: We demonstrate an inverse association between H. pylori and pediatric asthma in a population with a high prevalence of H. pylori.     

YKL-40、CD4+/CD8+比值与腺病毒肺炎患儿炎性因子和并发喘息的关系研究

摘要 目的：探讨血清壳多糖酶3样蛋白1（YKL-40）、外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值与腺病毒肺炎（AP）患儿炎性因子和并发喘息的关系。方法：选取2019年10月～2022年10月湖北省妇幼保健院收治的97例AP患儿为AP组,根据是否并发喘息分别为喘息组和无喘息组,另选取同期50例体检健康儿童为对照组。收集AP患儿的临床资料,采用酶联免疫吸附法检测血清YKL-40和炎性因子[白细胞介素（IL）-6、IL-8、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNFα）]水平,流式细胞术检测外周血CD4⁺、CD8⁺比例并计算CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值。采用Spearman相关性分析AP患儿血清YKL-40、CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值与炎性因子水平的相关性,多因素Logistic回归分析AP患儿并发喘息的影响因素。结果：与对照组比较,AP组血清YKL-40、外周血CD8⁺比例升高,CD4⁺比例、CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值降低（P＜0.05）。AP组血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平高于对照组（P＜0.05）。Spearman相关性分析显示,AP患儿血清YKL-40与IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平呈正相关,外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值与IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α水平呈负相关（P＜0.05）。97例AP患儿住院期间喘息发生率为50.52%（49/97）。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,呼吸衰竭、小气道病变、特应性体质和血清IL-6、IL-8、TNF-α、YKL-40升高为AP患儿并发喘息的独立危险因素,外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值升高为独立保护因素（P＜0.05）。结论：AP患儿血清YKL-40水平升高和外周血CD4⁺/CD8⁺比值降低,与炎性因子水平升高和并发喘息密切相关。     

The prevalence of wheezing and its association with serum zinc concentration in children and adolescents in Brazil

ObjectiveTo assess the influence of zinc serum status on the prevalence of wheezing in a sample of children and adolescents in Northeastern Brazil.Research methods and proceduresThis is a cross-sectional study which included 592 students of 6–12 years old, from the public elementary schools of São Francisco do Conde, Bahia, Northeastern Brazil. Report of wheezing in the past 12 months was collected using a questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood Program (ISAAC) phase III, adapted to Portuguese. The determination of serum Zn levels was performed using a flame atomic absorption spectrometer. Data on anthropometric status, level of physical activity, pubertal development and socioeconomic information, for each participant were obtained. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess the associations of interest.ResultsOf the students, 8.6% (95% CI 6.30–10.9) reported having wheezing. The mean (SD) serum zinc level was 114 (22.9 μg/dL). The results of the multiple logistic regression analysis showed, after adjustments, positive and significant association between low serum zinc levels and wheezing. Students categorized as being below the median for serum Zn concentration presented an almost 1.9-fold increase in the wheezing prevalence ratio (OR = 1.9; 95% CI 1.03–3.53).ConclusionThe main findings of this study suggest that the level of zinc may influence the risk of wheezing in late childhood on the study population.     

肺炎支原体肺炎合并喘息患儿血清25（OH）D3水平与肺功能的相关性及其影响因素分析

摘要 目的：探讨肺炎支原体肺炎（MPP）患儿合并喘息的影响因素,分析血清25-羟维生素D3[25(OH)D-3]水平与MPP合并喘息患儿肺功能的关系。方法：选择2017年1月至2020年1月我院收治的90例MPP患儿,根据是否合并喘息将其分为MPP合并喘息组（39例）和MPP未合并喘息组（51例）。检测血清25(OH)D-3水平以及肺功能[最大呼气流速（PEF）、PEF占预计值百分比(PEF% pred)、第一秒用力呼吸容积（FEV₁）、用力肺活量（FVC）、FEV₁/FVC比值、FEV₁占预计值百分比（FEV1%pred）],Pearson相关性分析25(OH)D-3与MPP合并喘息患儿肺功能的关系,单因素及多因素Logistic回归分析影响MPP合并喘息的危险因素。结果：MPP合并喘息组血清25(OH)D-3水平、PEF、PEF% pred、FEV₁/FVC比值、FEV1%pred低于MPP未合并喘息组（P＜0.05）,Pearson相关性分析显示,MPP合并喘息组患儿血清25(OH)D-3水平与PEF、PEF% pred、FEV₁/FVC比值、FEV₁%pred均呈正相关（r=0.519、0.612、0.571、0.593,P＜0.05）。单因素分析显示,MPP合并喘息组年龄低于MPP未合并喘息组（P＜0.05）,病程长于MPP未合并喘息组（P＜0.05）,肺部啰音比例、嗜酸性粒细胞计数、MP-IgM抗体滴度高于MPP未合并喘息组（P＜0.05）。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示低龄、肺部啰音、嗜酸性粒细胞计数增高、MP-IgM抗体滴度增加、25(OH)D-3减少是MPP合并喘息的危险因素（P＜0.05）。结论：MPP合并喘息患儿25(OH)D-3水平较低,低龄、肺部啰音、嗜酸性粒细胞计数增高、MP-IgM抗体滴度增加、25(OH)D-3缺乏为MPP合并喘息的危险因素,25(OH)D-3缺乏与MPP合并喘息患儿肺功能下降有关。     

过敏原检测在幼儿喘息性疾病中的临床意义

目的:探讨过敏原检测在幼儿喘息性疾病中的临床应用价值。方法:选择我院儿科收治的的1～5岁下呼吸道感染的特应性体质患儿217例,按照有无喘息症状分为喘息组与非喘息组。采集并比较两组患儿年龄、性别、过敏史(食物过敏,药物过敏,鼻炎,湿疹)、体外过敏原检测结果:TIgE(总IIgE)及sIgE(特异性IgE),(视sIgE≥2级为阳性)、一二级亲属过敏性疾病史。结果:(1)喘息组反复呼吸道感染及鼻炎人数均高于非喘息组(P0.05)。两组在湿疹、喜揉眼、食物过敏、药物过敏、一级亲属过敏史、二级亲属过敏史方面比较差异不具有统计学意义(P0.05)。(2)两组体外过敏原检测结果比较:喘息组户尘螨阳性人数多于非喘息组;(3)喘息患儿组根据是否伴有鼻炎及湿疹分为:A组,喘息,不伴有鼻炎及湿疹;B组,喘息伴有鼻炎或者湿疹;C组,喘息,伴有鼻炎及湿疹。ABC三组TIgE、年龄、吸入过敏原个数、吸入过敏原阳性人数、户尘螨阳性率逐渐增多,差异具有统计学意义(P0.05),其他吸入过敏原及食入过敏原比较差异无统计学意义。结论:反复呼吸道感染、鼻炎和喘息密切相关。尘螨是幼儿喘息、变应性鼻炎和特应性皮炎主要过敏原之一,是特应性体质患儿是否发生喘息的关键过敏原。