全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2189篇 |
免费 | 292篇 |
国内免费 | 163篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 12篇 |
2023年 | 29篇 |
2022年 | 44篇 |
2021年 | 55篇 |
2020年 | 53篇 |
2019年 | 88篇 |
2018年 | 69篇 |
2017年 | 92篇 |
2016年 | 88篇 |
2015年 | 82篇 |
2014年 | 98篇 |
2013年 | 115篇 |
2012年 | 80篇 |
2011年 | 82篇 |
2010年 | 90篇 |
2009年 | 109篇 |
2008年 | 107篇 |
2007年 | 137篇 |
2006年 | 123篇 |
2005年 | 88篇 |
2004年 | 86篇 |
2003年 | 70篇 |
2002年 | 72篇 |
2001年 | 66篇 |
2000年 | 74篇 |
1999年 | 48篇 |
1998年 | 53篇 |
1997年 | 44篇 |
1996年 | 49篇 |
1995年 | 51篇 |
1994年 | 45篇 |
1993年 | 39篇 |
1992年 | 29篇 |
1991年 | 29篇 |
1990年 | 35篇 |
1989年 | 21篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 24篇 |
1986年 | 23篇 |
1985年 | 17篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 8篇 |
1982年 | 12篇 |
1981年 | 16篇 |
1980年 | 19篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 13篇 |
1977年 | 4篇 |
1976年 | 6篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有2644条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
2.
Abstract. A technique for fine-scale vegetation mapping with the aid of low-altitude aerial photography was developed. The procedure is as follows: 1. The site is divided into a lattice pattern - in case the site is too large to fit into a single photograph with satisfactory resolution. The coordinates of every lattice point are surveyed to be used as control points for geometric correction. A photograph of each block of the lattice is taken using a remote-controlled camera system lifted by a captive helium balloon. 2. The vegetation is classified on the basis of a phytosociological survey. 3. The shapes and locations of vegetation patches appearing in the photographs are entered into a computer, using a digitizer. A geometric correction is carried out through coordinate transformation referring to the coordinates of the control points and subsequently a draft vegetation map is produced. Finally, discrepancies are corrected and the map is coloured to produce the final version of the vegetation map. This technique was applied to vegetation mapping at a bar, 500 m wide and 2 km long, in the river Yoshino in Shikoku, Japan. A fine-scale vegetation map was obtained and used to analyse the influence of plants on geomorphic processes and community-specific hydrogeomorphic conditions on the bar. 相似文献
3.
G. Karrer 《Plant Ecology》1985,59(1-3):199-209
Five plant communities contrasting in successional status and human impact from the southern part of the ‘Wienerwald’ (Austria) are analyzed using vegetation relevés, spectra of area types and a newly proposed disjunction quotient. A climax community (Asperulo-Fagetum), a subclimax community (Querco-Carpinetum s.l.), an anthropogenous substitute community (Mesobromion) and two natural, non-climax permanent communities (Euphorbio saxatilis-Pinetum nigrae and Fumano-Stipetum eriocaulis) are recognized. The disjunction quotient is defined as the number of partial (discontinous) areas divided by the size of the total area of distribution of a species. In particular, the average disjunction quotients of the species in the first two communities reflect relatively table environments only slightly influenced by man, with many ancient, stable taxa. These communities are characterized by species with well-delimited, stable distribution areas. The species in the Mesobromion community have very low average disjunction quotients as its component species are widely and continuously distributed and are often promoted by man. In contrast to these communities, the species linked to the natural permanent, non-climax communities of extreme habitats, have high distribution quotients i.e. small, disconinuous areas; this illustrates the relic character of these plant communities and of the eastern edge of the Alps is a whole. Using the highly variable disjunction quotient of all species and communities examined, the concepts of climax and permanent communities (of different origin) are discussed with regard to European conditions. 相似文献
4.
5.
Tom Müller 《Biodiversity and Conservation》1994,3(2):116-125
The need to integratein situ conservation into the planning process is outlined, and the importance of vegetation survey to determine conservation priorities and to identify areas suitable forin situ conservation is stressed. A case is presented, drawing on experience gained in Zimbabwe, of how a botanical institute can become an integral part of biological conservation. The institute should consist of a herbarium, a botanical garden, a gene bank and a vegetation survey unit. The function of each section, how they interlink, and how they can be integrated are discussed. 相似文献
6.
The inner-dune zone between the villages of Bakkum and Egmond in the North-Holland Dune Reserve is one of the few remaining examples of the semi-natural boundary between the dunes and the polders. For several centuries this area has been used for various purposes, in particular for grazing. Large-scale excavating, especially after about 1900, has encroached upon the dunes. Vegetation and land-use history were studied and a provisional scheme on the vegetation development is presented. Management policies discussed are non-intervention, mowing in order to start natural processes such as rabbit grazing, and the continuation of traditional livestock grazing. Proposals for external management policies were made in order to maintain or enhance the original transition zone, based on comprehensive physical-geographical studies of the whole inner-dune zone. 相似文献
7.
8.
A field experiment encompassing both neighbour- and nutrient-manipulations was conducted in a nutrient-impoverished old-field habitat to investigate how the intensity of plant competition was affected by soil nutrient level. Three perennial grasses were used as target species: Agropyron repens, Poa pratensis and Phleum pratense. Neighbour manipulations involved the removal (through herbicide application) of all neighbouring vegetation within a 20 cm or 40 cm radius around target plants. Target performance was measured under five levels of added nutrients (N-P-K) in both the neighbour-removal plots and in non-removal (control) plots. Both neighbour and nutrient manipulations had a highly significant effect on both biomass and tiller production but the interaction between these treatments was generally insignificant. Below-ground/above-ground biomass quotient was affected only by neighbour manipulations and was greatest in the control plots (with no neighbours removed) for all three species. The suppressive effect of neighbours was not markedly affected by nutrient level. However, yield suppression showed a significant decreasing trend with increasing nutrient level for biomass production in Agropyron and an increasing trend for tiller production in Phleum. For Poa, there was no trend in the intensity of competition across nutrient level. The results suggest that the general intensity of competition within this community neither increases nor decreases with increasing nutrient level. Rather, coexisting species appear to respond individually in terms of the intensity of competition that they experience. These results conflict with predictions from the triangular C-S-R model of plant strategies. However, they are consistent with a recently modified ‘habitat templet’ model for vegetation. 相似文献
9.
Barry M. Gordon 《Biological trace element research》1987,12(1):153-159
Information concerning the chemical state of trace elements in biological systems generally has not been available. Such information
for toxic elements and metals in metalloproteins could prove extremely valuable in the elucidation of their metabolism and
other biological processes. The shielding of core electrons by binding electrons affect the energy required for creating inner-shell
holes. Furthermore, the molecular binding and symmetry of the local environment of an atom affect the absorption spectrum
in the neighborhood of the absorption edge. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) using synchrotron radiation excitation
can be used to provide chemical speciation information for trace elements at concentrations as low as 10 ppm. The structure
and position of the absorption curve in the region of an edge can yield vital data about the local structure and oxidation
state of the trace element in question. Data are most easily interpreted by comparing the observed edge structure and position
with those of model compounds of the element covering the entire range of possible oxidation states. Examples of such analyses
will be reviewed. 相似文献
10.
黑龙江省三江平原丹顶鹤的数量分布 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在地面调查的基础上,我们使用Y-11轻型飞机对黑龙江省三江平原地区的丹顶鹤的数量分布近行了调查,调查时飞行高度80米,航速140公里/小时,续航里程共3748公里。调查结果表明,丹顶鹤在三江平原主要分布在8个地区,其中嘟噜河下游、洪河自然保护区、七星河流域和兴凯湖低地是主要繁殖地,总数量共309只。 相似文献