Harvesting in a random environment: Itô or Stratonovich calculus?

We extend to harvesting stochastic differential equation (SDE) models in a random environment our previous work on models without harvesting concerning the resolution of the It?-Stratonovich controversy. The resolution is obtained for the very general class of models dN/dt=N (r(N)-h(N)+sigmaepsilon(t)), where N=N(t) is the population size at time t, r(N) is the (density-dependent) "mean" per capita growth rate, h(N) is the (density-dependent) harvesting effort, epsilon(t) is a standard white noise (representing environmental random fluctuations), and sigma is a noise intensity parameter. It? and Stratonovich calculus in the resolution of SDEs apparently give different qualitative and quantitative results, leading to controversy on which calculus is more appropriate and creating an obstacle on the use of this modeling approach. We show that the apparent difference between the two calculi is due to a semantic confusion based on the fallacious assumption that we are working with the same type of mean rates. After clearing the confusion, the two calculi yield exactly the same results and we obtain important common conditions for extinction and for existence of a stationary density. The resolution of the controversy is intertwined with and sheds light on the estimation issues.     

护理干预对输尿管镜钬激光碎石术患者生活质量的影响

目的:探讨护理干预对输尿管镜钬激光碎石术患者生活质量的影响。方法:采取前瞻性随机对照的方法,从2008年5月到2010年12月,共有123例接受输尿管镜钬激光碎石术的输尿管结石患者被随机分成对照组和护理干预组。使用世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表评价输尿管镜钬激光碎石术对患者生活质量的影响。结果:非护理干预组和护理干预组的世界卫生组织生存质量测定量表简表的生活质量评分手术后比手术前有明显改善(P<0.05)。输尿管镜钬激光碎石术后,护理干预组患者的生活质量优于非护理干预组。结论:护理干预能明显改善输尿管镜钬激光碎石术患者的生活质量。     

AccQ.Tag法中AccQ.Fluor试剂用量研究

在 0 .5 0 μmol/ml氨基酸标准溶液中 ,分别加入衍生剂 1 0 .0 ,1 2 .5 ,1 5 .0 ,1 7.5 μl进行衍生 ,并与标准方法的2 0 .0 μl进行对照 ,测定各种氨基酸的峰面积 ,方差分析表明 ,衍生剂加入量为 1 5 .0 μl和 1 7.5 μl时 ,峰面积与对照无显著差异 ,加入 1 0 .0 μl和 1 2 .5 μl时与对照有极显著差异 ,因此 ,在实际样品分析中 ,只加入 1 5 μl衍生剂 ,已完全能够满足常规分析的需要 ,而可以节省 1 /4的衍生剂用量     

The formulation of the control of an expression pattern in a gene network by propositional calculus

In this study we model a gene network as a continuous-time switching network. In this model, each gene has a binary state which indicates if the gene expresses or not. We propose a method to control a sequence of expression patterns in the gene network model by adding another continuous-time switching network. By using propositional calculus, we will show that the control problem can be formulated as a mixed-integer linear programming problem with linear constraints.     

输尿管软镜与经皮肾镜碎石术对≤2 cm肾结石患者血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平的影响及安全性研究

目的:比较输尿管软镜碎石术(FURL)与经皮肾镜碎石术(PCNL)治疗≤2 cm肾结石的疗效及对患者血清白介素(IL)-6、IL-10、皮质醇(Cor)水平的影响以及手术治疗的安全性。方法:选择2015年2月~2017年2月我院泌尿外科收治的132例直径≤2 cm的肾结石患者作为研究对象,其中行FURL治疗者72例,行PCNL治疗者60例,比较两组围手术期相关临床指标、治疗前后肾功能以及血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平的变化。结果:FURL组术后住院时间较PCNL组显著缩短,术后输血率较PCNL组显著降低(P0.01);两组手术时间、结石总清除率比较差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。PCNL组术后24 h Hb值较术前显著降低(P0.01),FURL组无明显变化(P0.05);两组术后24 h WBC值较术前显著升高(P0.01),但两组组间比较无明显差异(P0.05)。两组术后1h血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平均较术前显著升高,术后1、3、5d逐渐降低,FURL组术后1 h、1、3、5 d血清IL-6、IL-10、Cor水平均较PCNL组各时点显著降低(P0.01)。两组术后6 h、1、2 d尿Kim-1及血清CysC水平均较术前显著升高(P0.01),FURL组尿Kim-1水平于术后3 d恢复至正常水平,PCNL组为术后5d恢复正常,PCNL组血CysC水平于术后3 d恢复至正常水平,FURL组为术后5 d恢复正常;FURL组术后2、3 d尿Kim-1水平显著低于PCNL组同时点(P0.01),术后1、2、3 d血Cys C水平显著高于PCNL组同时点(P0.01)。结论:FURL与PCNL治疗直径≤2cm的肾结石均能取得满意的取石效果,但FURL手术创伤更小、出血更少,术后应激反应更轻,更有利于术后机体恢复。     

牙齿残留物反映的闽西新石器时代人类食谱

本项目对福建闽西地区奇和洞与南山两处新石器时代遗址出土古人类牙齿进行了表面残留物提取与鉴定,通过对其中淀粉粒残留物的种类与数量对比,讨论了全新世初期至中期闽西地区古人类对植物资源的利用方式。这些古人类牙齿表面包含四大类形态不同的淀粉粒:1)多面体形;2)圆形或椭圆形;3)圆锥形;4)水滴形。这些淀粉粒分别代表了禾本科植物种子、植物地下根茎部分和疑似的坚果类,这些都是古人类容易获得的野生食物资源,在新石器时代古人类的饮食中占据着重要的地位。     

水激光与超声洁治对中度慢性牙周炎的疗效对比

目的:探讨水激光与超声洁治对中度慢性牙周炎的疗效。方法:选取81例中度慢性牙周炎患者,年龄27-62岁,随机分为两组:激光组(41例)采用水激光治疗,超声组(40例)采用超声洁治法治疗。通过患者治疗后1个月,3个月的菌斑指数(plaque index,PLI),牙龈指数(gingival index,GI),牙周袋深度(probing depth,PD),牙周附着水平(clinical attachment level,CAL),治疗过程中的VAS评分等观察指标,对水激光与超声洁治进行疗效对比。结果:与基线各项牙周指数相比,激光组和超声组治疗后1个月,3个月的各项牙周指数均明显降低(P0.05)。与超声组相比,激光组治疗后1个月的GI值明显低于超声组,治疗后1个月和3个月的PD值和CAL值均低于超声组(P0.05)。治疗前,两组VAS评分相比,差异没有统计学意义(P0.05),治疗后,激光组的VAS评分明显低于超声组(P0.05)。结论:水激光治疗中度慢性牙周炎,治疗过程痛觉感受轻微,能轻易清除引起炎症的牙石及菌斑,促进牙周组织愈合。     

Ureteral stent-associated infection and sepsis: pathogenesis and prevention: a review

Ureteral stents are commonly used devices in hospital settings. However, their usage is often complicated by associated urinary tract infections as a result of bacterial adhesion onto the indwelling implant surfaces, followed by the formation of layers of biofilm. Once formed, the biofilm is exceedingly difficult to remove, potentially leading to further morbidity and even urosepsis. Urosepsis, where pathogens from the urinary tract enter the bloodstream, has a mortality rate of up to 50% of severely infected patients. Hence, it is important to understand its pathogenesis. In this review, ureteral stent-associated urinary tract infection and urosepsis will be addressed. In particular, the bacterial mechanisms involved, as well as the prevention and treatment of these infections will be discussed.     

术中超声在复杂性肾结石手术的临床应用

目的：探讨术中超声在复杂性肾结石手术中的作用。方法：将56例复杂性肾结石手术患者分成实验组和对照组,前者术中使用超声检查,后者术中不使用超声检查,比较两组术后结石残存率、术中手术时间、出血量和肾功能。结果：实验组术后结石残存率、术中手术时间、出血量少于对照组（P〈0．05）,两组肾功能变化差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。结论：术中超声对肾切开取石有简便、精确、迅速、易掌握的优点,值得临床推广。