Immunoreactivity to the pancreatic polypeptide family in the nervous system of the adult human blood fluke,Schistosoma mansoni

Summary The presence and distribution of neuropeptides belonging to the pancreatic polypeptide family have been demonstrated by an indirect immunofluorescence technique in the nervous systems of adult male and female Schistosoma mansoni. Seven antisera of differing regional specificity to pancreatic polypeptide (PP), peptide YY (PYY) and neuropeptide Y (NPY) were employed on both whole-mount and cryostat-sectioned material. Positive immunoreactivity (IR) was obtained with all antisera except an N-terminally-directed antiserum to NPY. In the CNS, immunoreactivity was restricted to cell bodies and nerve fibres in the anterior ganglia, central commissure and dorsal and ventral nerve cords of both sexes, whereas, in the PNS, positive-IR was present in the plexuses innervating the subtegumental musculature and the oral and ventral suckers. Intense immunoreactivity was observed in a plexus of nerve fibres and cell bodies in the lining of the gynaecophoric canal and in fine nerve fibres innervating the dorsal tubercles of the male. In contrast, in the female, strong immunoreactivity was evident in nerve plexuses innervating the lining of the ovovitelline duct and in the wall of the ootype, but most notably in a cluster of cells in the region of Mehlis' gland. Results suggest that molecules with C-terminal homology to the PP-family are present in S. mansoni. These peptides would appear to be important regulatory molecules in the parasite's nervous system and may play a role in the control of egg production.     

艾菲属吸虫一新种（复殖目：鳞肉科）

艾菲属(Aephnidiogenes)吸虫在我国为首次报道,文中记述了采自海南岛一种胡椒鲷(Plectorhynchus pictus)体内的海南艾菲吸虫,新种(Aephnidiogenes hainanensis sp. nov.),对其形态特征进行了描述,并与相近种作了比较。虫体11.641—17.425mm,卵巢为不规则三角形,卵子66—69×33—45μm。     

广东哺乳类及两栖类寄生吸虫四新种的记述（吸虫纲：蹲茎科,蛙蠕科）

作者在广东省梅县市发现四个吸虫新种:1.鼠丽色吸虫,新种Reesella ratta sp. nov., 2.后囊蛙蠕吸虫,新种Batrachotrema optstosacca sp. nov., 3.梅县后平睾吸虫,新种Opisthioparorchis meixianensis sp. nov., 4.大卵后平睾吸虫,新种Opisthioparorchis megaloonos sp. nov.,它们分别归隶于蹲茎科Cathaemasiidae及蛙蠕科Bstrachotrematidae。模式标本保存于中山医科大学寄生虫学研究所。     

四川鱼类寄生吸虫一新种：（复殖目：尾孔科）

本文记述了尾孔科吸虫一新种——平睾尾孔吸虫,新种Urotrema parallelorchis sp.nov.。新种采自短身间吸鳅和犁头鳅的肠道。新种的睾丸左右排列而不同于该属的所有已知种。     

Histopathological and ultrastructural studies of cutaneous reactions elicited in naive and chronically infected mice by invading schistosomula of Schistosoma mansoni

Naive and chronically infected CBA mice were challenged percutaneously with cercariae and biopsied at varying times thereafter to provide skin samples for light and electron microscopy. The epidermis and dermis doubled in thickness in both groups; this change occurred within 3 h in immune mice and by 48 h in controls. Immune skin showed a 5-fold increase in total thickness by 72 h. Primary reaction sites were characterised by neutrophil infiltrates but in immune mice, eosinophils replaced neutrophils by day 2. Granulocytic micro-abscesses formed in the epidermis in both naive and immune skin; they entrapped cast cercarial tails and schistosomula and were eventually sloughed from the skin surface. An early loss of challenge parasites may occur in this way. Not all penetrated schistosomula completed transformation by developing the double outer membrane and these may constitute additional casualties. Schistosomula in immune but not naive skin were invested by a surface coat; this is suggested to represent an antigen/antibody complex. Significant numbers of larvae in immune skins were associated with intact granulocytes or free eosinophil granules and dead, infiltrated parasites occurred in the dermis. Such individuals may account for the additional attrition recorded in immune mice. Mast cells became associated with granulocytes in both groups of animals; they degranulated by simple exocytosis in naive skin but compound exocytosis in immune skin.     

安徽省达氏属一新种记述：吸虫纲：棘口科

本文记述了寄生于淡水鱼类的棘口科吸虫的一个新种——淮河达氏吸虫Ditetziella huaiheeniss sp.nov.模式标本采自安徽省淮河的女山湖地区黄颡鱼的肠道。     

贵州省腹袋属一新种记述(吸虫纲:同盘科)

本文记述寄生于贵州省丹寨县水牛瘤胃内同盘科腹袋亚科腹袋属内吸虫的一个新种,巨盘腹袋吸虫Gastrothylaxmagnadiscussp．nov.,简述了该属的简史,并将新种与该属已有的种类的主要特征列表进行了比较。     

四川大鲵寄生吸虫一新属新种（吸虫纲：复殖目）

本文描述寄生在大鲵肠道内隐殖科,隐殖亚科吸虫一新种,沐川新鲵居吸虫Ｎｅｏａｎｄｒｉｎｃｏｌａ ｍｕｃｈｕａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．并建立了新属,即新鲵居吸虫属Ｎｅｏａｎｄｒｉｎｃｏｌａ ｇｅｎ．ｎｏｖ．标本采自四川省沭县。模式标本保存在四川农业大学兽医学系。     

Fasciola hepatica: tegumental alterations as a consequence of lectin binding

Adult flukes, Fasciola hepatica, incubated in Hedon - Fleig saline containing concanavalin A (Con A) for 10 and 45 min, respectively, exhibited severe alterations to tegumental morphology involving increased secretory activity, blebbing of the apical plasma membrane, increased total surface area, and swelling of the basal infolds . The effects of Con A were prevented by the addition of alpha-methyl-D-mannoside to the incubating medium. Similar, but less pronounced, effects were caused by wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) binding. Con A and WGA binding indicate the presence of mannose, glucosamine, or glucose moieties and of N-acetylglucosamine. The effects of lectin binding were similar to the early effects of antibody attachment, and it was considered that accelerated membrane turnover was occurring in both cases. Swelling of the basal infolds was thought to be a result of increased apical surface membrane and/or increased permeability due to lectin binding.     

Schistosoma incognitum from Cikurai,West Java,Indonesia

Schistosoma incognitum is reported for the first time from West Java, Indonesia where 84% of ricefield rats, Rattus argentiventer, were infected. Radix auricularia rubiginosa snails were intermediate hosts. The adult stage of the Javanese strain of S. incognitum and lesions in naturally-infected rodents are described. Rattus exulans, Rattus norvegicus and Mus musculus were experimentally infected. Epizootiology is similar to that described in other countries.