Purification and some properties of the mannanases fromThielavia terrestris

Summary Thielavia terrestris NRRL 8126 cell free supernatants contained mannanase and -mannosidase when cultured on a complex media containing locust bean gum. Using acetone precipitation, SP-Sephadex C50 ion exchange chromatography and preparative gel electrophoresis, the crude enzyme was resolved into one -d-mannosidase and four -d-mannanase components. -d-mannosidase had a specific activity of 0.02 (U/mg) onp-nitrophenyl--d-mannopyranoside substrate. Mannanase components M1, M2, M3 and M4 had specific activities of 28.2, 38.7, 52.8 and 4.17 (U/mg) respectively on purified locust bean galactomannan substrate. pH optima for the enzymes were in the range 4.5–5.5. Mannanase component M4 manifested the greatest thermostability, retaining full activity for 3 h at 60°C. Molecular weights determined by SDS-PAGE were 72 000 for -mannosidase and 52 000, 30 000, 55 000 and 89 000 for M1, M2, M3 and M4 respectively. Carbohydrate contents of the enzymes ranged from 6–36%. Preliminary studies indicate that enzyme components hydrolyse the mannan substrate in a synergistic manner.     

漆斑霉属(丝孢纲):3新种、1新变种暨中国土壤中已知漆斑霉属真菌分种(变种)检索表

报道分离自中国土壤的漆斑霉属Myrothecium的3个新种:杆状漆斑霉M.bacilliforme、二形孢漆斑霉M.biforme、大孢漆斑霉M.macrosporum,和1个新变种:外来漆斑霉土栖变种M.advena var.terricola,对它们作了较详细的形态描述、图解和讨论。文后列出了中国土壤中12个已知漆斑霉分种(变种)检索表。模式种和所有研究过的标本(干制培养物)及活菌种保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。等模式标本(干制培养物)存放在中国科学院菌物标本馆(HMAS)。     

Reactivity of bacterial and fungal laccases with lignin under alkaline conditions

The ability of Streptomyces ipomoea laccase to polymerize secoisolariciresinol lignan and technical lignins was assessed. The reactivity of S. ipomoea laccase was also compared to that of low redox fungal laccase from Melanocarpus albomyces using low molecular mass p-coumaric, ferulic and sinapic acid as well as natural (acetosyringone) and synthetic 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine 1-oxyl (TEMPO) mediators as substrates. Oxygen consumption measurement, MALDI-TOF MS and SEC were used to follow the enzymatic reactions at pH 7, 8, 9 and 10 at 30 °C and 50 °C. Polymerization of lignins and lignan by S. ipomoea laccase under alkaline reaction conditions was observed, and was enhanced in the presence of acetosyringone almost to the level obtained with M. albomyces laccase without mediator. Reactivities of the enzymes towards acetosyringone and TEMPO were similar, suggesting exploitation of the compounds and low redox laccase in lignin valorization under alkaline conditions. The results have scientific impact on basic research of laccases.     

中国毛壳菌科研究III.毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属的种

报道了毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属5个新记录种,同丝毛壳Chaetomiumhomopilatum,刺毛壳C.spinosum,变绿毛壳C.virescens,小孢梭孢壳Thielaviamicrospora,栖土梭孢壳T.terricola。根据所采集的标本和菌种对这些种进行了描述和照像。干制培养物标本和菌种保藏在西北农林科技大学真菌标本室(HMUABO)。     

地生枝顶孢（AT01）多糖提取工艺的研究

用正交试验确定地生枝顶孢(AT01) 胞内多糖的最佳提取工艺为:提取3 次,每次提取时间为1-5h ,每次加水20 倍,多糖沉淀时乙醇浓度为75 % 。     

Thielavia aurantiaca, a new species from Japanese soil

A new species ofThielavia (T. aurantiaca) isolated from field soil collected from Osaka is described and illustrated. The fungus is distinguished from other known species by having ascomata covered with yellowish orange mycelium and smaller size of ascomata and ascospores. A chlamydospore-like anamorph is formed.     

中国毛壳菌科研究III.毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属的种(英文)

报道了毛壳菌属和梭孢壳属5个新记录种,同丝毛壳Chaetomiumhomopilatum,刺毛壳C.spinosum,变绿毛壳C.virescens,小孢梭孢壳Thielaviamicrospora,栖土梭孢壳T.terricola。根据所采集的标本和菌种对这些种进行了描述和照像。干制培养物标本和菌种保藏在西北农林科技大学真菌标本室(HMUABO)。     

栖土曲霉生产角蛋白酶研究

从土壤中分离出1株可有效降解角蛋白的栖土曲霉(Aspergillusterricola),经UV射线处理及发酵条件优化,固态发酵产酶活力提高了80%,达1980U/g.测定了该酶的基本性质,其作用最适pH和温度分别为7.5和45℃,可被DTT激活,被甲醛、Hg\{2+\}等抑制,具丝氨酸蛋白酶的特性.     

嗜热子囊菌两个中国新记录种

对采自云南的标本进行研究,描述了两种嗜热子囊菌中国新记录种,分别是太瑞斯梭孢壳霉[Thielavia terrestris (Apinis) Malloch & Cain]和丝衣霉状篮状菌[Talaromyces byssochlamydioides Stolk & Samson],附插图。研究标本保存在山东农业大学植物病理学标本室(HSAUP)。     

拟棘壳孢属的一新种及本属已知种的检索表

本文报道分离自贵州省土壤的拟棘壳孢属Pyrenochaetopsis真菌一新种,对该种结合形态特征及分子系统学分析明确其分类地位,命名为土栖拟棘壳孢Pyrenochaetopsis terricola;编制了该属13个已知种的分种检索表。研究标本保存于贵州大学植物病理学实验室（HGUP）和中国微生物菌种保藏管理委员会普通微生物中心（CGMCC）。