中国灵芝科的分类研究 Ⅸ.树舌亚属(Subgenus Elfvingia(Karst.)Imazeki)

树舌亚属是灵芝属(Ganoderma)的重要组成部分。因许多分类学家对这一类群真菌的分类有不同的处理,所以对它的分类地位时有变动。全面论述这一类群真菌的著作也比较少。现作者比较详细地研究了中国的本亚属标本,综合各国专家历年的论著,对于它的历史与分类地位,宏观与微观特性以及亚属的范围作了比较全面的论述。并有亚属描述和中国已知种检索表。另外报道了2新种(Ganoderma meijiangense Zhao sp.nov.;G.shangsienseZhao sp.nov.),1中国新记录和1疑问种。全部研究标本都保藏于中国科学院微生物研究所真菌标本室。     

中国蚋属一新种（双翅目：蚋科）

本文报道中国蚋属绳蚋亚属一新种－重庆绳蚋,新种Ｓ．（Ｇ．）ｃｈｏｎｇｑｉｎｇｅｎｓｉｓｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．模式标本采自重庆四面山,保存于重庆市卫生防疫站。     

Metabolic profiling of rhizomes of native populations of the strictly endemic Croatian species Iris adriatica

Iris adriatica Trinajsti? ex Miti? (Iridaceae L.) is a strictly endemic taxon from Croatia. It is a rhizomatous dwarf plant from the I. pumila complex with a distribution area limited to the Croatian part of the Mediterranean area, mainly central Dalmatia. The genus Iris is known for its richness in isoflavonoids which also play a significant role in chemotaxonomy and biological activity. Hence, in the current study, different plant batches of I. adriatica collected in early spring of 2016 were analysed for their phytochemical profiles and qualitatively compared. UHPLC-PDA-ESI-MS analyses of methanolic rhizome extracts were performed. Altogether, 36 compounds, representing isoflavonoids (including 6,7-methylendioxy derivatives), benzophenones and xanthones were found as aglycones or in glycosidically bound form to be the main constituent groups of I. adriatica rhizomes. Qualitative results were identical between different batches of plant material from collection sites in central Dalmatia, they differed only in quantity. For some phenolic compounds of I. adriatica, chemotaxonomic relevance was detected.     

Ipangulines and minalobines, chemotaxonomic markers of the infrageneric Ipomoea taxon subgenus Quamoclit, section Mina

A comprehensive GC-MS analysis of 8 Ipomoea species belonging to the subgenus Quamoclit, section Mina revealed that the members of this taxon form combinations of two necine bases with rare necic acids resulting in unique pyrrolizidine alkaloids. The occurrence and diversity of these metabolites show remarkable variations: Some species, especially Ipomoea hederifolia and Ipomoea lobata, are able to synthesize a large number of alkaloids whereas others, especially Ipomoea coccinea and Ipomoea quamoclit, are poor synthesizers with only a few compounds. However, these metabolites are apparently chemotaxonomic markers of this infrageneric taxon in general. They represent either esters of (-)-platynecine (altogether 48 ipangulines and 4 further esters including results of a previous study) or esters of (-)-trachelanthamidine, an additional novel structural type called minalobines (altogether 21 alkaloids). Both types are characterized by section-specific rare necic acids, e.g., ipangulinic/isoipangulinic acid, phenylacetic acid. The alkaloids of Ipomoea cholulensis, I. coccinea, I. hederifolia, Ipomoea neei, and Ipomoea quamoclit were mono and diesters of platynecine. Minalobines turned out to be metabolites of I. lobata (Cerv.) Thell. (syn.: Mina lobata Cerv.) lacking ipangulines. The major alkaloid of this species, minalobine R, has been isolated and identified as 9-O-(threo-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-phenylacetoxy-butyryl)-(-)-trachelanthamidine on the basis of spectral data. Apparently only two of the species included in this study, Ipomoea cristulata and Ipomoea sloteri, are able to synthesize both, ipangulines as well as minalobines. Minalobine O could be isolated as a major alkaloid of I. cristulata, its structure has been established as 9-O-(erythro-2-hydroxy-2-methyl-3-tigloyloxy-butyryl)-(-)-trachelanthamidine on the basis of spectral data.     

A Revision of Lobelia Subgen. Tupa (Campanulaceae) in China

Based on specimens as many as available, a quantitative analysis of character variability and correlation in Lobelia Subgen. Tupa was carried out with the results shown by pictorialized scatter diagram and histogram. Pollen grains and seed coat were examined under SEM. The classitication of the subgenus in China is revised. Twelve specipes are recognized; a new species, L. foliiformis, and a new subspecies, L. colorata subsp. guizhouensis, are described; L. taliensis is reduced to a subspecies or L. colorata, which consists of three subspecies; L. kwangsiensis is treated as a variety of L. davidii in accordance with the treat-ment made by Lian Yong-shan in Fl. Reip. Pop. Sin.73 (2)     

Leaf Anatomy of Fourteen Species in Carex Subgenus Indocarex (Cyperaceae)

Among the subgenera of the genus Carex, the subgenus Indocarex has been seldom studied in any respects, Its systematic position and its subdivision are still disputable. Leaf anatomy of 14 species in the subgenus lndocarex from China was studied. The anatomical characters are proved to be systematically valuable. (1) Characters of lamina transverse section: All leaves of these 14 species are dorsiventral. The outline mostly V-shaped, occasionally flat or nearly flat, with adaxial lateral rib in each half of lamina and some of them flanged. The cells of adaxial surface larger than those of abaxial surface, and the epidermal cells over veins usually smaller than others. Air-cavities between vascular bundles are well developed, and bulliform cells also well developed in most taxa. The vascular bundles are collaterai, bundle sheaths double-layered, and the outer sheath parenchymatous and the inner sheath fibrous. (2) Characters of lamina epidermis: The shape of the cell on both surfaces is generally rectangular, and the anticlinal wall of epidermal cell sinuous; stomata is paracytic, elliptic to oblong, rarely sub-circular; prickles occur on adaxial surfaces of certain species; papillae are only obvious on abaxial surface of C. moupinensis Franch. The characters of transverse section and epidermis of leaf blades of these 14 species differ from each other to certain degree, and closely related species are similar in anatomical characters. The anatomical characters of lamina are of value for classification at specific and sectional level of the subgenus Indocarex. Despite of the variation of these characters among species, a certain num ber of characters appears to be shared by the members of the subgenus, and some of the common characters are primitive. In addition, some gross morphological characters are common and primitive also. Therefore, the subgenus Indocarex may be primitive in the genus Carex. The anatomical and morphological characters of C. scaposa C. B. Clakre and C. densifimbriata Tang et Wang ex S. Y. Liang are distinct. The two species and their allies should be treated as section instead of subsection. The three species in the sectionPolystachyae share some anatomical characters and comprise a coherent group.     

大豆重复序列的克隆,特性分析及在染色体上的定位

从大豆栽培品种Ｕｎｉｏｎ（Ｇ．ｍａｘ）基因组ｐＵＣ１８质粒文库中,以基因组ＤＮＡ为探针,筛选出一个重复序列家族。序列分析表明,此重复序列的重复单位为９１ｂｐ,拷贝数约为１０￣５,其序列约占基因组ＤＮＡ的０．９％。基因组ＤＮＡ不同限制酶片段Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交分析和染色体原位杂交分析表明此重复序列主要以串联方式集中分布在Ｍ２和Ｍ１１号染色体的臂上,而另外一些则散布于整个Ｍ１２和Ｓｍ７号染色体上。以该序列为探针片大豆属不同亚属１３个种的１８个品系的Ｓｏｕｔｈｅｒｎ杂交结果表明,此重复序列为Ｓｏｊａ亚属所特有。这一Ｓｏｉａ亚属特异重复序列的发现,从另一个角度支持应把Ｓｏｊａ亚属的３个种Ｇ．ｓｏｊａ、Ｇ．ｇｒａｃｉｌｌｉｓ、Ｇ．ｍａｘ划分为一个种的观点。