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1.
Nitrogen fertigation of greenhouse-grown cucumber 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
I. Papadopoulos 《Plant and Soil》1986,93(1):87-93
Summary This greenhouse study investigated the response of trickle-irrigated cucumber (Cucumis sativa cv. ‘Petita’) to three N levels applied with every irrigation via the irrigation stream. The plants were grown in pots filled
with 12 kg of soil. Water containing 5.8, 11.8, or 17.8 mmol N/l, and uniformly supplied with 2.0 and 3.9 mmol/l of P and
K, respectively, was applied two to three times daily. In all treatments of 0.3 leaching fraction was allowed.
The resulting total N applications were 15.7, 31., and 47.2 g N/plant. The total amount of water applied was 1851/plant. Total
N and NO3-N, in lajinae and petioles, increased with increasing N level whereas P and K in generated decreased. Although different
NO3/NH4 ratios in the treatments may have influeced the response to N, it could be concluded that the highest yield was obtained
with 11.8 mmol N/1 due to increased number of fruit. In the root volume of this treatment the NO3-N concentration in the soil solution was aroun 7 mmol/1 for most of the growing season. The dry matter concentration of fruits
was not affected by the N levels.
It was concluded that 11.8 mmol N/1 applied with every irrigation via the irrigation stream is adequate to cover the needs
of greenhous-grown cucumber for higher yield (9.42 kg/plant over a harvesting period of 93 days). 相似文献
2.
Photosynthesis,Transpiration, and Water Use Efficiency of Vegetative and Reproductive Shoots of Grassland Species from North-Eastern China 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
The differences in net photosynthetic rate (P
N), transpiration rate (E), and water use efficiency (WUE) between the vegetative and reproductive shoots of three native grass species from the grassland of northeastern China [grey-green and yellow green populations of Leymus chinensis (Trin.) Tzvel., Puccinellia tenuiflora (Griseb) Scrib & Merr, Puccinellia chinampoensis Ohwi] were compared. The two type shoots experienced similar habitats, but differed in leaf life-span and leaf area. The leaf P
N and WUE for the vegetative shoots were significantly higher than those for the reproductive shoots in the grasses, while their E were remarked lower in the dry season. Relative lower leaf P
N and WUE for the reproductive shoots of grassland grasses may explain the facts of lower seed production and the subordinate role of seed in the grassland renewal in north-eastern China. 相似文献
3.
Summary Amylase, dehydrogenase, arylsulphatase and phosphatases activities were measured in a clay-loam soil amended with seven different
crop residues. All enzyme activities, except phosphomonoesterase, were generally higher in the derived soil samples than in
the original soil. Addition of tobacco and sunflower residues caused an increase on most of the enzyme activities while tomato
residues increased only the amylase and phosphodiesterase activities.
As the enzyme activities were positively correlated to each other, a common source of the enzymes is suggested even though
the coefficients of correlation demonstrate that only a low percentage of the variability can be ascribed to the interactions
among enzyme activities. 相似文献
4.
Enumeration of denitrifying microbial populations in turf 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Summary Denitrifer populations of a silt and silt loam soil under a Kentucky bluegrass turf were enumerated using the most probable
number (MPN) procedure. The influence of soil texture, soil depth, soil moisture, and additions of nitrate fertilizer on denitrifier
populations were determined.
Saturated soil conditions increased denitrifier populations 87-fold in the silt soil and 121-fold in the silt loam soil. Denitrifier
populations did not differ significantly between soil depths and additions of fertilizer nitrate did not influence populations. 相似文献
5.
《Harmful algae》2016
Cyanobacteria are one of the principal sources of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) which cause offensive taste and odor (T&O) in drinking and recreational water, fish, shellfish and other seafood. Although non-toxic to humans, these T&O compounds severely undermine public trust in these commodities, resulting in substantial costs in treatment, and lost revenue to drinking water, aquaculture, food and beverage and tourist/hospitality industries. Mitigation and control have been hindered by the complexity of the communities and processes which produce and modify T&O events, making it difficult to source-track the major producer(s) and the factors governing VOC production and fate. Over the past decade, however, advances in bioinformatics, enzymology, and applied detection technologies have greatly enhanced our understanding of the pathways, the enzymes and the genetic coding for some of the most problematic VOCs produced by cyanobacteria. This has led to the development of tools for rapid and sensitive detection and monitoring for the VOC production at source, and provided the basis for further diagnostics of endogenous and exogenous controls. This review provides an overview of current knowledge of the major cyanobacterial VOCs, the producers, the biochemistry and the genetics and highlight the current applications and further research needs in this area. 相似文献
6.
Gamze Gülez 《Journal of microbiological methods》2010,82(3):324-326
To study bacterial behavior under varying hydration conditions similar to surface soil, we have developed a system called the Pressurized Porous Surface Model (PPSM). Thin liquid films created by imposing a matric potential of − 0.4 MPa impact gene expression and colony development in Pseudomonas putida. 相似文献
7.
8.
Contrary to our expectations, soil salinity and moisture explained little of the spatial variation in plant establishment in the upper intertidal marsh of three southern California wetlands, but did explain the timing of germination. Seedlings of 27 species were identified in 1996 and 1997. The seedlings were abundant (maximum densities of 2143/m2 in 1996 and 1819/m2 in 1997) and predominantly annual species. CCAs quantified the spatial variation in seedling density that could be explained by three groups of predictor variables: (1) perennial plant cover, elevation and soil texture (16% of variation), (2) wetland identity (14% of variation) and (3) surface soil salinity and moisture (2% of variation). Increasing the spatial scale of analysis changed the variables that best predicted patterns of species densities. Timing of germination depended on surface soil salinity and, to a lesser extent, soil moisture. Germination occurred after salinity had dropped below a threshold or, in some cases, after moisture had increased above a critical level. Between 32% and 92% of the seedlings were exotic and most of these occurred at lower soil salinity than native species. However, Parapholis incurva and Mesembryanthemum nodiflorum were found in the same environments as the native species. In 1997, the year of a strong El Niño/Southern Oscillation event with high rainfall and sea levels, the elevation distribution of species narrowed and densities of P. incurva and other exotic species decreased but densities of native and rare species did not change. The ‘regeneration niche’ of wetland plant communities includes the effects of multiple abiotic and biotic factors on both the spatial and temporal variations in plant establishment. 相似文献
9.
Abstract. Soil resource availability may affect plant regeneration by resprouting in disturbed environments directly, by affecting plant growth rates, or indirectly by determining allocation to storage in the resprouting organs. Allocation to storage may be higher in stressful, low resource‐supply soils, but under such conditions plant growth rates may be lower. These factors could act in opposite directions leading to poorly known effects on resprouting. This paper analyses the role played by soil resources in the production and growth of resprouts after removal of above‐ground plant tissues in the Mediterranean shrub Erica australis. At 13 sites, differing in substrate, we cut the base of the stems of six plants of E. australis and allowed them to resprout and grow for two years. Soils were chemically analysed and plant water potential measured during the summer at all sites to characterize soil resource availability. We used stepwise regression analysis to determine the relationships between the resprouting response [mean site values of the number of resprouts (RN), maximum length (RML) and biomass (RB)] and soil nutrient content and plant water potential at each site. During the first two years of resprouting there were statistically significant differences among sites in the variables characterizing the resprouting response. RML was always different among sites and had little relationship with lignotuber area. RN was less different among sites and was always positively correlated with lignotuber area. RB was different among sites after the two years of growth. During the first months of resprouting, RN and RML were highly and positively related to the water status of the plant during summer. At later dates soil fertility variables came into play, explaining significant amounts of variance of the resprouting variables. Soil extractable cations content was the main variable accounting for RML and RB. Our results indicate that resprout growth of E. australis is positively affected by high water availability at the beginning of the resprouting response and negatively so by high soil extractable cation content at later periods. Some of these factors had previously shown to be related, with an opposite sign, to the development of a relatively larger lignotuber. Indeed, RML and RB measured in the second year of resprouting were significantly and negatively correlated with some indices of biomass allocation to the lignotuber at each site. This indicates that sites favouring allocation to the resprouting organ may not favour resprout growth. 相似文献
10.
Benjamin Dickerman James Metzger W. Theodore Lee 《World journal of microbiology & biotechnology》2006,22(1):29-33
Summary Bacteria from recreational waters collected from two Lake Erie beaches in Dunkirk, New York were plated onto m Endo LES media.
The 16S rRNA gene was then amplified from coliform and non-coliform bacteria using the polymerase chain reaction. The PCR
products were characterized by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis. A total of 8 RFLP groups were identified
from the analysis of 920 samples and selected PCR products from each group were sequenced. The DNA sequence analysis indicated
that more than half of the bacteria identified as coliforms on the m Endo plates belonged to the genus Aeromonas from the family Aeromonadaceae. Most of the remaining coliforms were from the Enterobacteriaceae. The data indicate that m Endo agar plates allow the growth of non-coliform bacteria, especially Aeromonas species. 相似文献