单核细胞增生李斯特菌中RsbU缺失株的构建及对生物被膜形成的影响

单核细胞增生李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes,Lm)是一种重要的革兰氏阳性食源性致病菌,它能在大多数活性或非活性固体表面形成生物被膜,从而使抗逆性大大增强并且难以清除,给食品行业造成很大困扰。Sig B(σB)作为革兰氏阳性菌中主要的压力应答因子,在Lm生物被膜形成中起着重要作用,而Rsb U是单核细胞增生李斯特菌Sig B操纵子中的主要信号(能量和物理化学信号)传导蛋白。为检测Rsb U在Lm生物被膜形成中的作用以及与Sig B的关系,本实验构建了rsb U和sig B基因单缺失及双缺失突变株,比较在不同温度(25℃和37℃)和营养环境(营养丰富的BHI培养基和营养贫乏的MEM基础培养基)下,野生株和突变株生物被膜形成能力的差异。结果表明,缺失Rsb U和Sig B显著降低Lm在不同温度和培养基中生物被膜的形成能力;低温(25℃)和贫瘠的营养条件(MEM)更有利于Rsb U传递压力信号激活Sig B,从而作用Lm生物被膜的形成。     

Towards a comprehensive understanding of Bacillus subtilis cell physiology by physiological proteomics

Using Bacillus subtilis as a model system for functional genomics, this review will provide insights how proteomics can be used to bring the virtual life of genes to the real life of proteins. Physiological proteomics will generate a new and broad understanding of cellular physiology because the majority of proteins synthesized in the cell can be visualized. From a physiological point of view two major proteome fractions can be distinguished: proteomes of growing cells and proteomes of nongrowing cells. In the main analytical window almost 50% of the vegetative proteome expressed in growing cells of B. subtilis were identified. This proteomic view of growing cells can be employed for analyzing the regulation of entire metabolic pathways and thus opens the chance for a comprehensive understanding of metabolism and growth processes of bacteria. Proteomics, on the other hand, is also a useful tool for analyzing the adaptational network of nongrowing cells that consists of several partially overlapping regulation groups induced by stress/starvation stimuli. Furthermore, proteomic signatures for environmental stimuli can not only be applied to predict the physiological state of cells, but also offer various industrial applications from fermentation monitoring up to the analysis of the mode of action of drugs. Even if DNA array technologies currently provide a better overview of the gene expression profile than proteome approaches, the latter address biological problems in which they can not be replaced by mRNA profiling procedures. This proteomics of the second generation is a powerful tool for analyzing global control of protein stability, the protein interaction network, protein secretion or post-translational modifications of proteins on the way towards the elucidation of the mystery of life.     

The Brevibacterium flavum sigma factor SigB has a role in the environmental stress response

We have previously cloned a gene encoding a SigB, a principal-like sigma factor in Brevibacterium flavum, which was induced by several stress conditions. To clarify the in vivo function of this sigma factor, the sigB gene was disrupted by a homologous recombination, replacing the internal essential coding region in B. flavum chromosome by a kanamycin resistance marker gene. This mutation dramatically decreased vegetative growth rates of B. flavum. Studies of the effect of the sigB mutation on growth and viability of the cells under conditions of stress showed that the sigB mutant had increased susceptibility to acid, salt, alcohol, heat and cold stress. The plasmid-born wild-type sigB gene complemented the mutation. Based on the results, we propose that SigB has a role in vegetative growth and in response to various environmental stresses.     

表皮葡萄球菌生物膜形成分子机制的研究进展

细菌感染性疾病已成为了各临床科室关注的重要问题。其中条件致病感染菌具有耐药性 ,难以治疗 ,尤为棘手。表皮葡萄球菌 (Staphylococcusepidermidis)是重要的条件致病菌。近来 ,随多种插管、透析技术、人工心瓣膜、人工关节和人工晶体等医疗材料的广泛应用 ,人口老年化及免疫低下人群的出现等 ,生物膜感染上升为医院细菌感染的前 4位 ,并且感染后果日趋严重。表皮葡萄球菌作为存在于健康人皮肤表面的正常菌群并不致病 ,但可伴随“异物”(高分子材料如塑料等 )进入人体 ,并通过粘附形成生物膜 (Biofilm) ,入侵血循环而致败血症等。在生物膜…