SiRNA抑制柯萨奇B3病毒的复制和表达

目的 研究观察体外合成siRNA对培养HELA细胞中柯萨奇B3病毒（Coxsackievirus B3,CVB3）的影响。方法根据siRNA靶序列设计原则,针对编码CVB3病毒聚合酶、VP1蛋白和5’非编码区基因组,特异性地体外合成三对siRNA,同时合成一对与CVB基因组序列无关的阴性对照siRNA。利用脂质体转染进入Hela细胞,用CVB3感染培养HELA细胞,观察转染后HELA细胞病变;采用RT-PCR技术检测感染CVB3各组的病毒RNA;用免疫荧光技术检测各组CVB3蛋白的表达;并用培养细胞上清液再感染HELA细胞观察病毒滴度。结果针对CVB3病毒聚合酶的siR-NA能有效的抑制病毒的复制和CVB3蛋白的表达,并能抑制病毒的再感染;而针对VP1蛋白和5’非编码区的siRNA能部分抑制病毒的复制和CVB3蛋白的表达。结论我们设计合成针对编码CVB3病毒聚合酶基因组的siRNA能有效抑制CVB3病毒复制和表达。     

The interaction between viral protein and host actin facilitates the virus infection to host

Although the virus-host interaction has attracted extensive studies, the host proteins essential for virus infection remain largely unknown. To address this issue, the shrimp Penaeus stylirostris densovirus (PstDNV), belonging to the family Parvoviridae, was characterized. PstDNV, a single-stranded DNA virus with a 3.9-kb genome, encoded only three open reading frames (ORFs). Among the three viral proteins, the PstDNV ORF2-encoded protein was discovered to interact with the shrimp actin, suggesting that the host actin played a very important role in virus infection. The RNAi assays revealed that the ORF2-encoded protein was required for the PstDNV infection. The confocal evidence demonstrated that the interaction between the ORF2-encoded protein and actin was essential for the virus infection. Therefore our study indicated that the manipulation of the host actin cytoskeleton was a necessary strategy for viral pathogens to invade host cells.     

Knockdown of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors induces cardiomyocyte re-entry in the cell cycle

Proliferation of mammalian cardiomyocytes stops rapidly after birth and injured hearts do not regenerate adequately. High cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor (CKI) levels have been observed in cardiomyocytes, but their role in maintaining cardiomyocytes in a post-mitotic state is still unknown. In this report, it was investigated whether CKI knockdown by RNA interference induced cardiomyocyte proliferation. We found that triple transfection with p21(Waf1), p27(Kip1), and p57(Kip2) siRNAs induced both neonatal and adult cardiomyocyte to enter S phase and increased the nuclei/cardiomyocyte ratio; furthermore, a subpopulation of cardiomyocytes progressed beyond karyokynesis, as assessed by the detection of mid-body structures and by straight cardiomyocyte counting. Intriguingly, cardiomyocyte proliferation occurred in the absence of overt DNA damage and aberrant mitotic figures. Finally, CKI knockdown and DNA synthesis reactivation correlated with a dramatic change in adult cardiomyocyte morphology that may be a prerequisite for cell division. In conclusion, CKI expression plays an active role in maintaining cardiomyocyte withdrawal from the cell cycle.     

mcl-1特异性siRNA对HepG2细胞增殖及凋亡的影响

目的：肝癌分子靶向治疗是目前研究的热点,肝癌相关基因mcl-1在肝癌增殖及凋亡中的作用尚不明确,本研究拟探讨mcl-1特异性siRNA对体外培养肝癌细胞HepG2增殖及凋亡的影响。方法：设计、合成有效的mcl-1特异性siRNA序列,体外转染HepG2细胞;通过绘制细胞生长曲线和MTT实验检测mcl-1特异性siRNA对HepG2细胞增殖的影响;通过AnnexinV／PI双标记流式细胞仪检测mcl-1特异性siRNA对HepG2细胞凋亡率的影响。结果：通过绘制细胞生长曲线发现,mcl-1特异性siRNA能够抑制HepG2细胞的增殖（P〈0．05）,MTT实验提示转染mcl-1特异性siRNA24h、48h、72h后,HepG2细胞存活率均显著下降（P〈O．05）;流式细胞仪检测分析发现,转染mcl．1特异性siRNA后AnnexinV＋／PI-细胞百分率显著增高（P〈0．01）,提示mcl-1具有促进HepG2细胞凋亡的作用。结论：Mcl-1蛋白具有促进肝癌细胞增殖,抑制肝癌细胞凋亡的作用,这种分子特性符合肿瘤靶向治疗的要求,Mcl-1可能成为肝癌靶向治疗的潜在靶点。     

鞘内注射干扰素调节因子8小干扰RNA对术后持续性疼痛大鼠痛阈及脊髓小胶质细胞活化的影响*

目的: 探究鞘内注射干扰素调节因子8小干扰RNA(IRF8 SiRNA)对PPsP大鼠痛阈及脊髓小胶质细胞活化的影响。方法: 120只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组(SH,n=12),模型组(SM,n=48),溶媒组(SD,n=12)和IRF8沉默组(SS,n=48),其中,SM组于大鼠后足中部隐静脉内侧按皮肤/肌肉切开牵拉(SMIR)法建立术后持续性疼痛(PPsP)模型,SH组仅切开不牵拉;SD组与SS组建模前一周先于L4/5椎间隙行鞘内置管术, SS组于建模后第5、6日连续鞘内给予IRF8 SiRNA溶液20 μl(溶于DEPC水中,150 pmol),SD组给予等量DEPC水。测量并记录建模前(D0),建模后第1(D1)、3(D3)、7(D7)、12(D12)、22(D22)、33(D33)日等时点各组大鼠术侧后足机械刺激缩足反应阈值 (PWT); 建模后第12日各取6只,Western blot法检测脊髓背角Iba-1蛋白表达情况,并取SH组和SM组各3只,取术野隐神经行电镜观察其超微结构改变;再取SM组和SS组于上述各时点各6只,流式细胞术检测脊髓背角小胶质细胞活化情况。结果: 与D0相比, SM组在D1～D22PWT降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01),并在D33恢复至正常水平(P＞0.05);与SH组相比,SM组PWT在D1～D22均降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与SD组相比,SS组PWT在D7～D22增高(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);与SH组相比,SS组D7～D22降低(P＜0.05或P＜0.01);隐神经髓鞘平均厚度: SH组为(377.03± 69.60) nm,SM组为(369.50±73.26) nm,两组间相比无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与SH组相比,SM组Iba-1明显上调(P＜0.01);与SD组相比,SS组Iba-1表达受到抑制(P＜0.05),与SH组相比,SS组Iba-1表达也具有统计学差异(P＜0.05),而SM组与SD组之间,Iba-1的表达无统计学意义(P＞0.05);与D0相比,SM组小胶质细胞活化比率在D3～D22均显著增加(P＜0.01),而SS组小胶质细胞活化于D3达到高峰(P＜0.01);鞘内给药后,SS组脊髓背角小胶质细胞活化比率明显下降,与SM组相比,在D7～D12显著下降(P＜0.01)。结论: SMIR诱导的PPsP大鼠显著且持续的机械痛觉过敏为非明显的外周神经损伤所致,可能是基于脊髓背角小胶质细胞活化所介导,而鞘内给予IRF8小干扰RNA可抑制脊髓背角小胶质细胞的激活,并逆转SMIR诱导的痛觉过敏。     

Evaluation of the therapeutic potential effect of Fas receptor gene knockdown in experimental model of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis

Aim: Stimulation of Fas death receptor is introduced as a major cause of non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) progression through suppression of cell viability. Therefore, the blocking of death pathways is hypothesised to be express new approaches to NASH therapy. For this purpose, current experiment applied synthetic small interference RNA (SiRNA) to trigger Fas death receptor and to show its potential therapeutic role in designed NASH model.

Methods: Male mice were placed on a western diet (WD) for 8 weeks and exposed to cigarette smoke during the last 4 weeks of feeding to induce NASH model. In the next step, Fas SiRNA was injected to mice aiming to examine specific Fas gene silencing, after 8 weeks. As a control, mice received scrambled SiRNA. Reversible possibility of disease was examined by 3 weeks of recovery.

Results: Analysis of data is accompanied with the significant histopathological changes (steatosis, ballooning and inflammation), increased lipid profile and hepatic enzyme activities (AST, ALT, ALP) plus TBARS as well as decreased antioxidants levels in NASH model. Upon Fas-SiRNA injection, almost all measured parameters of NASH such as overexpression of Fas receptor, caspase3, NF-kB genes and marked increase of hepatic TNF-α were significantly restored and were remained nearly unchanged following recovery liking as scrambled groups.

Conclusions: The suppression of Fas receptor signalling subsequent RNAi therapy may represent an applicable strategy to decline hepatocyte damages and so NASH progression in mice.     

一种可用于SiRNA转染的可降解的新型脂质聚合物

合成一种兼具阳离子脂质体和阳离子聚合物优点的可用于SiRNA的新型脂质聚合物载体.以低分子量的支链聚乙烯亚胺(BPEI,分子量600D)为基础,通过交联剂将油酸与之交联,形成PEI-交联剂-油酸为单元的高分子脂质聚合物.以稳定表达EGFP基因的HeLa-EGFP细胞为模型,比较脂质聚合物、高分子聚合物BPEI(MW 25KD)及阳离子脂质体Lipofectamine 2000介导的SiRNA转染效率,以MTT法检测转染后细胞毒性.将聚合物放置于中性环境37℃保温,检测在温育不同时间后结合FITC标记的寡核苷酸能力.脂质聚合物介导转染EGFP-SiRNA的细胞中,绿色荧光蛋白的信号下降了72.3%,下降幅度高于Lipofectamine 2000介导转粢的细胞,而BPEI介导的转染细胞中的荧光强度仅比空白对照下降20%左右.MTT结果显示在最适条件下,脂质聚合物的介导的SiRNA转染48h后,细胞存活率为94.87%,高于BPEI 25K和Lipofectamine 2000对照组(80.68%和64.87%).降解实验证实,脂质聚合物和BPEI25K相似,在与FITC标记的寡核苷酸结合后,使其荧光水平下降65%左右;在保温后,脂质聚合物对荧光的抑制能力逐步下降,在8h后其荧光强度与BPEI600对照组相似;BPEI 25K实验组在保温前后荧光强度无显著的变化.脂质聚合物是一种可降解的化合物,具有与Lipofectamine 2000相似的SiRNA转染效率,细胞毒性明显低于BPEI和Lipofectamine 2000.提示脂质聚合物兼具阳离子脂质体和阳离子聚合物的优点.