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排序方式: 共有74条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳 (APAGE)对小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属、猬草属和仲彬草属 4个属的模式种进行了醇溶蛋白电泳分析 ,结果表明 :(1 ) 4个模式种具有明显的醇溶蛋白遗传多样性 ,其种间醇溶蛋白多态性高达 92 .3 % ;(2 ) Elymus sibiricus和 H ystrix patula具有相似的醇溶蛋白带型 ,而 Roegneria caucasica和Kengyilia gobicola的带型基本相似 ,其醇溶蛋白图谱能够反映一定的系统关系 ;(3 )不同收集地的 E. sibiricus材料间也存在明显的醇溶蛋白遗传差异 ,新疆的 E. sibiricus具有较丰富的醇溶蛋白带纹 ,而甘肃的 E. sibiricus的醇溶蛋白带纹较少。 相似文献
2.
鹅观草与大麦属间杂种的形态和细胞遗传学研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
用活体/离体幼胚培养法成功地获得了鹅观草(Roegneria kamooji,2n=12,SSHHYY)与大麦(Hordeum vulgare,2n=14,11)间的属间杂种。杂交结实率为31.4%,胚培成苗率60.9%。杂种表现一年生,具有很强的生活力,形态上偏向鹅观草。F_1自交不孕,用大麦回交亦不结实。杂种具有预期的2n=28(SHYI)条染色体,花粉母细胞减数分裂中期Ⅰ平均形成26.38个单价体,0.67个棒状二价体,0.12个环状二价体和0.02个三价体。本文对双亲染色体组间的同源性以及在大麦育种中利用鹅观草种质的可能性进行了讨论。 相似文献
3.
小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属和猬草属模式种的C带研究 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
采用改良的Giemsa C带技术,分析了小麦族披碱草属、鹅观草属和猬草属模式种的染色体C带带型。Elymus sibiricus、Roegneria caucasica和Hysrix patula的染色体在Giemsa C带带型上存在明显的差异,显示了这3个属模式种的物种特异性。3个模式种的Giemsa C带核型表明,C带带纹主要分布在染色体的末端和着丝粒附近,而中间带相对较少。对E.sibiricus、R.caucasica和H.patula的St、H、Y染色体组C带带型与其它物种的St、H、Y染色体组C带带型的差异进行了讨论。 相似文献
4.
小麦族中间鹅观草不同居群的形态多样性分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
小麦族(Triticeae)植物的野外调查、收集通常是以形态学为依据的。为了探讨小麦族植物在野外调查、收集的科学取样策略,本项研究以小麦族具有自花授粉习性的3个中间鹅观草(Roegneria sinica.vat.media Keng)居群、每个居群30个单株为材料,对11个形态学性状的多样性进行了分析。结果表明,3个居群的总遗传多样性指数为1.991,遗传多样性主要集中于居群内(91.76%),而居群间的遗传变异(8.24%)相对较小;不同取样梯度下的遗传多样性指数随单株取样数目的增加呈现增大趋势,但当取样数目达到18株时,遗传多样性指数达到最高值。上述结果说明,对于小麦族自花授粉植物野外调查、收集时,应以居群为单位,而且每一居群至少应调查、收集18个单株,才能代表居群的遗传多样性。以形态学为依据的取样策略的建立,对于指导野外调查、收集具有现实意义。 相似文献
5.
鹅观草属是禾本科小麦族中的最大的属,现知全世界有4组,20系,126种,分布于北半球的温带和寒带,中国有4组,18系,79种,主要分布于西北,西南,华北和东北,是鹅观草属植物种类最为集中的区域,尤其高原东北部的唐古特地区又是我国鹅观草属分布相对密集之地,有3组,12系,30种,而且其间不同等级,不同演化水平的类群均有分布,该地可能就是该属的现代分布中心,同时,唐古特地区多汇聚有鹅观草属不同等级的原始类群和与原始类群有很缘的短柄草属植物,其中最原始的大柄鹅观草特产于该区,而该区缺乏的是高级的大颖组类群,故推测唐古特地区可能又是该属的起源地,起源时间大约在青藏高原明显增高,气候转凉的晚第三纪初的中新世,鹅观草属起源后,在中国境内地质活动比较剧烈的地区得到了进一步的发展和分化,但只有少数适应性较强的类群大概以3条路径扩展到国外,并向东到在北美的巴芬岛,向西延伸到大西洋滨岸,向北进入寒冻的北极地区。 相似文献
6.
利用酸性聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳技术(APAGE)对小麦族鹅观草属3个物种:毛叶鹅观草、纤毛鹅观草和竖立鹅观草进行了醇溶蛋白电泳分析,23份材料电泳分离出22条相对迁移率不同的谱带,其中3条(16.6%)共同带,19条(83.4%)具多态性,每个材料可分离出9~16条谱带。结果表明:(1)三个物种具有相似的醇溶蛋白带型,但存在明显的种间差异;(2)同种不同居群间也存在遗传差异;(3)种间差异大于种内差异。 相似文献
7.
拟鹅观草属6种2亚种和鹅观草属3种植物的核型研究 总被引:8,自引:0,他引:8
对拟鹅观草属Pseudoroegneria 6种2亚种和鹅观草属Roegneria 3种植物的核型进行了研究,核型公式如下:P. spicata (Pursh) A. Lve,2n=2x=14=12m (2sat)+2sm; P. strigosa ssp. aegilopoides (Drobov) A. Lve,2n=2x=14=12m (2sat)+2sm; P. libanotica (Hackel) A. Lve,2n=2x=14=10m+4sm (4sat); P. stipifolia 相似文献
8.
In order to investigate the relationships between Roegneria.ciliaris(Trin.)Nevski and R.alashanica Keng,and between R.ciliaris and R.magnicaespes D.F.Cui.R.ciliaris(Trin.)Nevski was crossed with the other two species,through the aid of embryo rescue. Hybrids were obtained from these two combinations.Chromosome pairing behavior of parents an dhybrids was observed at metaphase I of pollen mother cells. Meiotic configuratons were 10.62Ⅰ+8.17Ⅱ+0.32Ⅲ+0.02Ⅳ for R.ciliaris×R.magnicaespes and 18.00Ⅰ+4.76Ⅱ+0.16Ⅲ for R.ciliaris ×R.magnicaespes;c-value of the two hybrids were 0.44 and 0.21,respectively. 相似文献
9.
To assess the relationships among 26 species in Roegneria C. Koch, 34 random decamer primers were screened for RAPD fragments. 28 primers produced polymorphic RAPD products. Data from 16 primers were used for RAPD assay. By NTSYS-pc program, Jaccard' s genetic similarity coefficients were generated and dendrogram was constructed using UPGMA. It is concluded as follows: (1) Distinct genetic differences and extensive genetic diversity were present among the species. (2) There were some genetic differences between StY and StYH genomes, and StY and StYH had a certain degree of differentiations respectively which were related to geographic regions, the farther the geographic distribution between species, the less the similarity to each other. (3) When different accessions in a species, such as species with similar morphological characters, homologous genomes and similar geographic distribution, were clustered together respectively, it suggusted that they had closer relationships. (4) The awnless species R. alashanica Keng and R. magnicaespes (D. F. Cui) L. B. Cai, in Roegneria, were separated from the other species analysed in this study, indicating that these two species had intensive genetic differences from the others. (5) R. caucasica C. Koch, a species from Western Asia, was quite different from the other species contained StY genomes in Roegneria from Eastern Asia and Central Asia. (6) The results were in consistance with that of the analysis of morphology and chromosome pairing in the taxonomic treatments for R. ciliaris (Trin) Nevski and R. japonensis (Honda) Keng, R. tenuispica J. L. Yang et Y. H. Zhou and R. pendulina Nevski, and R. tsukushiensis (Honda) Ohwi and R. kamoji Ohwi. The present study discussed the usefulness of RAPD markers in the systematic study of Roegneria. 相似文献
10.
The intergeneric hybrids between Roegneria kamoji Ohwi and Dasypyrum villosum (L.)Candargy were successfully obtained by means of embryo culture in vitro. Studies on morphology, fertility and chromosome pairing behavior in meiosis of the parents and their hybrid Fl were carried out in the present work. The results showed that: (1) there were ob vious morphological differences between R. kamoji and D. villosum, and spikes of Fl plants were morphologically intermediate between the two parental species; (2) the seed set of the cross was 11.63%; the hybrid plant was infertile, which indicated that strong repro ductive isolation existed between the parents and R. kamoji and D. villosum were inde pendent biological species; (3) The somatic chromosome number in root-tips of Fl hybrids was 28. Chromosome pairing at MI of PMCs in Fl hybrids was quite low. The meiotic con figuration was 26.72 Ⅰ + 0.62 Ⅱ + 0.02 Ⅲ, which indicated that very low homoeology was detected between the St, H, Y genomes of R. kamoji and the V genome of D. villo- sum, and the relationship between the parental species was remote. 相似文献