陕西根螨属一新种记述（蜱螨亚纲：粉螨科）

本文描述根螨属１新种：大蒜根螨Ｒｈｉｚｏｇｌｙｐｈｕｓ ａｌｌｉｉ ｓｐ．ｎｏｖ．,模式标本保存在西南农业大学植物保护系。     

根螨属（Rhizoglyphus）1新种记述（真螨目：粉螨亚目：粉螨科）

记述根螨属１新种,定名为淮南根螨Ｒｈｉｚｏｇｌｙｐｈｕｓ ｈｕａｉｎａｎｅｎｓｉｓ ｓｐ．ｎｏｗ．,采自洋葱鳞茎上。     

百里酚对刺足根螨的毒力实验

根据植物精油在抗菌、杀虫和杀螨等方面的研究,考虑其无污染、无残留、用量少、价格低以及可阻止或延缓螨类的抗药性的特点,我们采用药膜法,进行了百里酚对刺足根螨[Rhizoglyphus echinopus(Fumouze&Rob in)]的毒力实验。结果表明,24 h的LC50=2.2222 g.L-1;48 h的LC50=0.6086 g.L-1。该实验为植物油应用于害螨防治提供了参考。     

罗宾根螨的初步研究

罗宾根螨于1988年发现于哈密死亡洋葱植株上,其后发生不断扩大,危害不断加重,严重处洋葱植株死亡腐烂率达39.52％。 罗宾根螨可用尼索朗、灭扫利和久效磷等杀螨剂,加水浇灌防治。     

刺足根螨的人工饲养技术

介绍一种人工饲养刺足根螨Rhizoglyphus echinopus(FumouzeetRobin)的技术。用马铃薯薄片法在室内已连续饲养3代,卵孵化率、幼螨、若螨存活率均超过90%,该方法可用于室内大量饲养刺足根螨。     

Biological Control of the Bulb Mite, Rhizoglyphus robini , by the Predatory Mite, Hypoaspis aculeifer , on Lilies: Predator-Prey Dynamics in the Soil, under Greenhouse and Field Conditions

We tested the capacity of the soil-dwelling predatory mite, Hypoapsis aculeifer , to control mites attacking lily bulbs. Experiments in the greenhouse and in the field showed that in the absence of predatory mites populations of the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini , on lily bulbs increased, whereas the release of predatory mites either slowed down the increase - as observed in the field - or caused the bulb mites populations to decrease - as observed in the greenhouse. In all cases the population of predatory mites increased as long as bulb mite densities were not too low. However, within the first week after predator release there was usually a sharp decline to 10-40% of the original number released. Greenhouse experiments on intact lily bulbs in pots, boxes and 1 m 2 plots with peat soil showed that when released in a ratio of 1 predator to 2 or 5 prey, the predatory mite, Hypoaspis aculeifer , suppressed populations of bulb mites to less than 10 individual per bulb within 6 weeks. Elimination of bulb mites was observed only when the predator-to-prey ratio at release was equal to 3:1. Field experiments in 2 m 2 plots with intact bulbs in rather compact sandy soil showed that when released in ratio of 1 predator to 1 or 2 prey, the predatory mite, H. aculeifer , did not cause the population of bulb mites to decrease, but it did reduce their population growth. The initial predator-to-prey ratios required to achieve suppression (ca 1:2) or elimination (3:1) in the soil environment are much higher than those required for bulb mite elimination when lily bulb scales were embedded in a medium of vermiculite (ca 1:20). Among the possible causes are: (1) the initial losses of predators in the greenhouse and even more so in the field due to mortality and/or emigration from the experimental plots; (2) the lower temperatures in the greenhouse and especially in the field, which slow down the growth and predation processes and thereby delay prey extinction; and (3) the spatial complexity of the soil environment which creates refuges for the bulb mites.     

根螨属—新种记述(蜱螨目:粉螨科)

根螨属至今已记述14种,我国仅报导过二种。1984—1986年作者在采集水仙(Nar-cissus tazetta L.var.chinensis)球茎螨类时发现一新种。模式标本保存在漳州芗城区植保站,文中量度单位为微米。     

Candidate natural enemies for control of Rhizoglyphus robini Claparède (Acari: Astigmata) in lily bulbs: exploration in the field and pre-selection in the laboratory

To find suitable candidates for biological control of the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini Claparède (Acari: Astigmata) on lilies, exploration was undertaken in areas where the bulb mite is an established pest (The Netherlands, Taiwan and Japan). Among the predators, found in association with R. robini in the field and under storage conditions, mesostigmatic mites predominate. The most abundant species were Hypoaspis aculeifer (Canestrini), Lasioseius bispinosus Evans and Parasitus fimetorum (Berlese). These predators appeared to feed and reproduce on a diet of exclusively R. robini and they were able to control the bulb mite in small-scale population experiments initiated with a 1:20 predator-prey ratio. Under laboratory conditions corresponding to lily bulb propagation (lily scales mixed with vermiculite and stored at 23°C and >90% RH) the laelapid mite, H. aculeifer, was the most effective predator; the ascid predator, L. bispinosus, was much less effective, but being relatively small and being successful in attacking the juvenile stages of the bulb mite it may be better able to search for bulb mites hidden inside the lily bulb. The parasitid predator, P. fimetorum, failed to control the bulb mite when vermiculite was used as a medium, but turned out to suppress this prey when peat was used instead. Various strains of H. aculeifer or closely related species were compared with respect to their impact and performance on bulb mites as prey: two Dutch strains, one obtained from Breezand and the other from 'tZand, a Taiwanese strain, a German strain that in contrast to the previously mentioned strains was not collected from lily bulbs, but from agricultural areas near Bremen and, in addition, a Canadian strain of a related species (Hypoaspis miles Berlese), known to control sciarid fly larvae. These comparative experiments showed that H. miles died out without noticeable impact on the bulb mite population whereas all strains of H. aculeifer were able to suppress the bulb mites to very low numbers. However, the numerical responses of the H. aculeifer strains differed in that those collected in association with the pest (Breezand > Taiwan > 'tZand) were superior to the strain from Bremen. These results do not provide support to the Hokkanen and Pimentel hypothesis, which states that predators forming an evolutionary new association with the pest are often more effective in biological control.     

Mating frequency as an indication of food quality for the bulb mite,Rhizoglyphus robini Claparède

Mating frequency of the bulb mite, Rhizoglyphus robini Claparède (Astigmata: Acaridae) was recorded for 23 days on 6 concentrations of peanut extract. The largest numbers of couplings and of adults were obtained on the undiluted (100%) extract, and the fewest on the most diluted (10%) diet. Good association between mating frequency and adult numbers was also observed on several other foods.