全文获取类型
收费全文 | 782篇 |
免费 | 92篇 |
国内免费 | 78篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 18篇 |
2022年 | 15篇 |
2021年 | 23篇 |
2020年 | 30篇 |
2019年 | 51篇 |
2018年 | 36篇 |
2017年 | 38篇 |
2016年 | 39篇 |
2015年 | 35篇 |
2014年 | 55篇 |
2013年 | 48篇 |
2012年 | 33篇 |
2011年 | 32篇 |
2010年 | 30篇 |
2009年 | 39篇 |
2008年 | 58篇 |
2007年 | 56篇 |
2006年 | 50篇 |
2005年 | 34篇 |
2004年 | 28篇 |
2003年 | 31篇 |
2002年 | 17篇 |
2001年 | 29篇 |
2000年 | 14篇 |
1999年 | 14篇 |
1998年 | 11篇 |
1997年 | 16篇 |
1996年 | 2篇 |
1995年 | 2篇 |
1994年 | 8篇 |
1993年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 7篇 |
1990年 | 2篇 |
1989年 | 5篇 |
1988年 | 6篇 |
1987年 | 2篇 |
1986年 | 2篇 |
1985年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 4篇 |
1981年 | 2篇 |
1980年 | 2篇 |
1979年 | 3篇 |
1976年 | 3篇 |
1972年 | 1篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1969年 | 1篇 |
1967年 | 2篇 |
1966年 | 1篇 |
1965年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有952条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Peter Shaw 《Restoration Ecology》2009,17(1):68-77
Plots of fresh pulverized fuel ash (PFA, an industrial waste) were inoculated with soils from existing PFA sites and fertilizers in a factorial design, then left unmanaged for 12 years during which time the floral development and soil chemistry were monitored annually. For the first 3 years, the site supported a sparse mix of chenopods (including the scarce Chenopodium glaucum ) and halophytes. As salinity declined, ruderals, legumes, and grasses plus the fire-site moss Funaria hygrometrica colonized, followed by Festuca arundinacea grassland (NVC community MG12) and Hippophae rhamnoides scrub. Dactylorhiza incarnata (orchidacea) appeared after 7 years, but only in plots that had received soil from existing orchid colonies. Four years later, a larger second generation of Dactylorhiza appeared, but only in the central zone of the site where vegetation was thinnest. By year 12, the site was dominated by coarse grasses and scrub, with early successional species persisting only in the sparsely vegetated center, where nitrate levels were lowest. This edge effect is interpreted as centripetal encroachment, a process of potentially wider concern for the conservation of low-fertility habitat patches. Overall, seed bank inoculation seems to have introduced few but desirable species ( D. incarnata , Pyrola rotundifolia , some halophytes, and annuals), whereas initial application of organic fertilizer had long-lasting (≥10 years) effects on cover and soil composition. 相似文献
2.
Stefan Schoombie Janine Schoombie Christiaan W. Brink Kim L. Stevens Christopher W. Jones Michelle M. Risi Peter G. Ryan 《Journal of Field Ornithology》2019,90(4):361-372
The use of miniaturized video cameras to study the at‐sea behavior of flying seabirds has increased in recent years. These cameras allow researchers to record several behaviors that were not previously possible to observe. However, video recorders produce large amounts of data and videos can often be time‐consuming to analyze. We present a new technique using open‐source software to extract bank angles from bird‐borne video footage. Bank angle is a key facet of dynamic soaring, which allows albatrosses and petrels to efficiently search vast areas of ocean for food. Miniaturized video cameras were deployed on 28 Wandering Albatrosses (Diomedea exulans) on Marion Island (one of the two Prince Edward Islands) from 2016 to 2018. The OpenCV library for the Python programming language was used to extract the angle of the horizon relative to the bird’s body (= bank angle) from footage when the birds were flying using a series of steps focused on edge detection. The extracted angles were not significantly different from angles measured manually by three independent observers, thus being a valid method to measure bank angles. Image quality, high wind speeds, and sunlight all influenced the accuracy of angle estimates, but post‐processing eliminated most of these errors. Birds flew most often with cross‐winds (58%) and tailwinds (39%), resulting in skewed distributions of bank angles when birds turned into the wind more often. Higher wind speeds resulted in extreme bank angles (maximum observed was 94°). We present a novel method for measuring postural data from seabirds that can be used to describe the fine‐scale movements of the dynamic‐soaring cycle. Birds appeared to alter their bank angle in response to varying wind conditions to counter wind drift associated with the prevailing westerly winds in the Southern Ocean. These data, in combination with fine‐scale positional data, may lead to new insights into dynamic‐soaring flight. 相似文献
3.
4.
Barry M. Gordon 《Biological trace element research》1987,12(1):153-159
Information concerning the chemical state of trace elements in biological systems generally has not been available. Such information
for toxic elements and metals in metalloproteins could prove extremely valuable in the elucidation of their metabolism and
other biological processes. The shielding of core electrons by binding electrons affect the energy required for creating inner-shell
holes. Furthermore, the molecular binding and symmetry of the local environment of an atom affect the absorption spectrum
in the neighborhood of the absorption edge. X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) using synchrotron radiation excitation
can be used to provide chemical speciation information for trace elements at concentrations as low as 10 ppm. The structure
and position of the absorption curve in the region of an edge can yield vital data about the local structure and oxidation
state of the trace element in question. Data are most easily interpreted by comparing the observed edge structure and position
with those of model compounds of the element covering the entire range of possible oxidation states. Examples of such analyses
will be reviewed. 相似文献
5.
Steven D. Woods Richard H. Rand H. David Block Donald C. Lewis 《Journal of mathematical biology》1985,21(3):273-283
A mathematical examination of retinal photochemistry leads to a hypothesis for Mach band phenomena based on eye movements. This retinal model suggests why minimally distinct borders fade under eye fixation and agrees qualitatively with subjective measures of border contrast as a function of overall field luminance.Deceased 相似文献
6.
Population Ecology - From a field study for the vole population (Clethrionomys rufocanus) in Hokkaido in the late summer of 1965, it has been proved that the range length may decrease from 25 to 18... 相似文献
7.
生态交错带(Ecotone)理论研究进展 总被引:36,自引:2,他引:34
生态交错带(Ecotone)理论研究进展高洪文(东北师范大学草地研究所,长春130024)AdvancementofTbeoreticalResearchinEcotone.¥GaoHongwen(InstituteofGrasslandRe-sea... 相似文献
8.
9.
Within estuarine and coastal ecosystems globally, extensive habitat degradation and loss threaten critical ecosystem functions and necessitate widescale restoration efforts. There is abundant evidence that ecological processes and species interactions can vary with habitat characteristics, which has important implications for the design and implementation of restoration efforts aimed at enhancing specific ecosystem functions and services. We conducted an experiment examining how habitat characteristics (presence; edge vs. interior) influence the communities of resident fish and mobile invertebrates on restored oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reefs. Similar to previous studies, we found that restored reefs altered community composition and augmented total abundance and biomass relative to unstructured sand habitat. Community composition and biomass also differed between the edge and interior of individual reefs as a result of species-specific patterns over small spatial scales. These patterns were only weakly linked to oyster density, suggesting that other factors that vary between edge and interior (e.g. predator access or species interactions) are likely more important for community structure on oyster reefs. Fine-scale information on resident species' use of oyster reefs will help facilitate restoration by allowing decision makers to optimize the amount of edge versus interior habitat. To improve the prediction of faunal use and benefits from habitat restoration, we recommend investigations into the mechanisms shaping edge and interior preferences on oyster reefs. 相似文献
10.
David A. Ratkowsky 《Journal of industrial microbiology & biotechnology》1993,12(3-5):195-199
Summary Five principles govern the selection of nonlinear regression models for bacterial growth. Examples are given of the various ways in which researchers have approached the problems of nonlinear regression modeling together with some discussion of linear modeling.Reference to a brand or firm name does not constitute endorsement by the US Department of Agriculture over others of a similar nature not mentioned. 相似文献