心理治疗联合利培酮治疗精神分裂症的疗效及安全性

目的:探讨心理治疗联合利培酮治疗精神分裂症的临床效果及安全性。方法:选取2013年7月至2015年7月在我院接受治疗的精神分裂症患者91例,随机分为对照组46例和观察组45例,对照组患者给予单纯利培酮片治疗,观察组在对照组的基础上给予患者心理治疗。观察比较治疗前后两组患者社会功能评定量表(SSPI)、功能评定量表(GAS)、日常生活能力量表(ADL)、蒙哥马利-艾斯伯格抑郁量表(MADRS)、简明精神症状评定量表(BPRS)及阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)的变化,以及两组的临床疗效。结果:治疗12个月后,两组的SSPI、GAS及ADL均有显著升高,且观察组明显高于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。两组的MADRS、BPRS及PANSS均有显著降低,且观察组明显低于对照组,比较差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。观察组的临床总有效率为88.9%,显著高于对照组的71.7%,比较差异具有统计学意义(P0.05)。结论:心理治疗联合利培酮能显著改善精神分裂症患者的精神症状,提高患者的社会功能,临床疗效显著,且安全性好。     

The efficacy of psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy in treating depressive and anxiety disorders: a meta‐analysis of direct comparisons

Although psychotherapy and antidepressant medication are efficacious in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders, it is not known whether they are equally efficacious for all types of disorders, and whether all types of psychotherapy and antidepressants are equally efficacious for each disorder. We conducted a meta-analysis of studies in which psychotherapy and antidepressant medication were directly compared in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders. Systematic searches in bibliographical databases resulted in 67 randomized trials, including 5,993 patients that met inclusion criteria, 40 studies focusing on depressive disorders and 27 focusing on anxiety disorders. The overall effect size indicating the difference between psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy after treatment in all disorders was g=0.02 (95% CI: −0.07 to 0.10), which was not statistically significant. Pharmacotherapy was significantly more efficacious than psychotherapy in dysthymia (g=0.30), and psychotherapy was significantly more efficacious than pharmacotherapy in obsessive-compulsive disorder (g=0.64). Furthermore, pharmacotherapy was significantly more efficacious than non-directive counseling (g=0.33), and psychotherapy was significantly more efficacious than pharmacotherapy with tricyclic antidepressants (g=0.21). These results remained significant when we controlled for other characteristics of the studies in multivariate meta-regression analysis, except for the differential effects in dysthymia, which were no longer statistically significant.     

心理治疗对支气管肺癌患者化疗依从性的影响

目的:探讨心理治疗对支气管肺癌患者化疗依从性的影响。方法:本院收治的支气管肺癌患者80例,随机分为对照组和观察组。对照组进行化疗的支气管肺癌患者采用常规专业护理措施。观察组:在对照组常规专业护理措施的同时,患者行心理治疗措施。结果:观察组满意度高于对照组;观察组的依从性优于对照组。结论:心理治疗不但可以提高支气管肺癌患者在化疗期间的满意度;而且可以提高支气管肺癌患者对化疗的依从性。     

When the Patient Remains in Danger: Psychotherapy in U.S. Combat Zones

Much of the literature on the psychological treatment of victims of violence focuses on demographic populations that do not represent the majority of victims. Part of the origin of this problem is that the prototypical victim and the prototypical perpetrator are often the same. Young, poor, minority males often constitute both the victim and the perpetrator class in America. As a group, these individuals, while disproportionately thought of as suitable for incarceration, are not thought of as good candidates for psychological treatment. However, their suffering is real, unrelenting and often not addressed. Therapists face significant barriers, in the patient, in society and in themselves, in trying to help these individuals. This article examines the issues of racism, drugs, ongoing danger, class inequalities, misogyny and the blended victim/perpetrator, all of which complicate engagement and understanding between therapist and patient.     

艾司西酞普兰联合心理疗法对焦虑症患者睡眠质量、生活质量和血清神经递质水平的影响

目的:探讨艾司西酞普兰联合心理疗法对焦虑症患者睡眠质量、生活质量和血清神经递质水平的影响。方法:选取2017年7月~2020年3月期间我院收治的焦虑症患者117例,随机分为对照组58例和研究组59例,对照组给予艾司西酞普兰治疗,研究组在对照组的基础上联合心理疗法,对比两组疗效、汉密尔顿焦虑量表(HAMA)、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)及健康调查简表(SF-36)评分、血清神经递质[5-羟色胺(5-HT)、去甲肾上腺素(NE)、髓过氧化物酶(MPO)和神经肽(NPY)]水平及不良反应。结果:治疗8周后,研究组的临床总有效率为88.14%(52/59),明显高于对照组的70.69%(41/58)(P<0.05)。研究组治疗8周后血清MPO水平低于对照组,5-HT、NE、NPY水平高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗8周后HAMA、PSQI量表评分低于对照组(P<0.05)。研究组治疗8周后精神健康、生理机能、躯体疼痛、社会功能、情感职能、活力、生理职能、健康状况评分均高于对照组(P<0.05)。两组不良反应发生率对比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:艾司西酞普兰联合心理疗法治疗焦虑症患者疗效及安全性均较好,可有效改善患者焦虑症状、睡眠质量及生活质量,同时还可有效调节血清神经递质水平。