白鲢鳃部血管的研究

本文用甲基丙烯酸甲脂铸型技术,配合扫描电镜,研究白鲢鳃部血管的分布。鳃区具有双血液循环,动脉—动脉循环,主司血液与水体间气体交换;动脉—静脉循环主司鳃区营养交换。入鳃丝动脉上具有膨大的“血泡”结构,可能起“鳃心”作用,当鳃丝内收时将血液输送入入鳃动脉。伪鳃鳃小片彼此排列紧密,这种结构似不利于气体交换,可能没有什么呼吸功能。     

Observations on the relationship between “chloride-type” and “pseudobranch-type” cells in the gills of a fish,Oligocottus maculosus

Summary Chloride cells in gill epithelium of Oligocottus maintained in sea water have a much branched system of agranular cytoplasmic tubules, numerous mitochondria, and a prominent apical crypt. The mitochondria are randomly dispersed and do not show preferential orientation with respect to the tubules.After brief exposure of fish to sea water diluted 1/100 with glass distilled water, the mitochondria and tubules become rearranged into parallel arrays and the apical crypts disappear. The appearance of these cells is similar to that of pseudobranch cells in Fundulus heteroclitus (Copeland and Dalton, 1959).These data suggest that chloride cells and pseudobranch cells represent different adaptive forms of a single cell type and that transformation from the chloride cell configuration to that of pseudobranch cells can be induced by osmotic stress.This work was performed in 1963 when the author was enrolled in the Fine Structure Training program of the Department of Biological Structure, University of Washington. Financial aid was provided by the United States Public Health Service (Grant No. 5T1 GM-136).     

Fine structure of the pseudobranch of the flounder Paralichthys lethostigma

Summary The free or non-glandular pseudobranch of the flounder Paralichthys lethostigma was studied with the electron microscope. Cells typical of glandular type pseudobranchs are found. This indicates that, at least in the flounder, the free pseudobranch should be called glandular. In addition, the chloride-type cells, commonly found in the gill, buccal epithelium, and surface epithelium of other fish, have been found in the pseudobranch, where they have not been described previously. The fine structure of both the chloride-type and the pseudobranch-type cell has been characterized and contrasted. We have not been able to confirm previous reports that the specific cells in both pseudobranch and gill are identical in the flounder.Supported by grant-in-aid from the USPHS (General Medical Sciences Institute, GM-06836) and the National Science Foundation (GB-676).