全文获取类型
收费全文 | 2478篇 |
免费 | 349篇 |
国内免费 | 161篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 9篇 |
2023年 | 36篇 |
2022年 | 33篇 |
2021年 | 57篇 |
2020年 | 88篇 |
2019年 | 118篇 |
2018年 | 101篇 |
2017年 | 126篇 |
2016年 | 100篇 |
2015年 | 130篇 |
2014年 | 138篇 |
2013年 | 159篇 |
2012年 | 128篇 |
2011年 | 111篇 |
2010年 | 114篇 |
2009年 | 127篇 |
2008年 | 131篇 |
2007年 | 145篇 |
2006年 | 102篇 |
2005年 | 100篇 |
2004年 | 86篇 |
2003年 | 78篇 |
2002年 | 81篇 |
2001年 | 63篇 |
2000年 | 50篇 |
1999年 | 43篇 |
1998年 | 66篇 |
1997年 | 46篇 |
1996年 | 35篇 |
1995年 | 41篇 |
1994年 | 39篇 |
1993年 | 41篇 |
1992年 | 32篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 27篇 |
1988年 | 16篇 |
1987年 | 15篇 |
1986年 | 11篇 |
1985年 | 13篇 |
1984年 | 14篇 |
1983年 | 12篇 |
1982年 | 13篇 |
1981年 | 10篇 |
1980年 | 12篇 |
1979年 | 9篇 |
1978年 | 11篇 |
1977年 | 7篇 |
1976年 | 11篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
排序方式: 共有2988条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Published gene frequency data, checked for consistency of allele definitions across laboratories and for comparability of
geographically identical samples, were pooled into a data set containing frequencies at nine loci for each of 20 populations
that encompassed 10 macaque species. Genetic distances were calculated by the methods of Kidd and Cavalli-Sforza (1974). These
distances were used to construct phylogenetic trees and to evaluate the relationships between divergence times and effective
population sizes. Inter-and intraspecific genetic distances and the groupings defined by phenetic tree analyses support Fooden’s
(1976) classification of the genus Macacainto four species groups. A paleozoogeographical model of Asia including the known times of major sea-level changes allows
us to explain Macacainto four species groups. A paleozoogeographical model of Asia including the known times of major sea-level changes allows
us to explain qualitatively the inferred evolutionary relationships among macaque species. Many assumptions are required in
order to estimate the variables necessary in the quantitative prediction of genetic differences for a comparison between any
two populations. Examination of those assumptions demonstrates the need for more accurate genetic as well as paleozoogeographic
information.
An erratum to this article is available at . 相似文献
2.
Seed dispersal influences a wide range of ecological processes. However, measuring dispersal patterns, particularly long‐distance dispersal, has been a difficult task. Marking bird‐dispersed seeds with stable 15N isotopes has been shown to be a user‐friendly method to trace seed dispersal. In this study, we determined whether 15N urea solution could be used to enrich seeds of two common wind‐dispersed plants, Eupatorium glaucescens (Asteraceae) and Sericocarpus tortifolius (Asteraceae). We further tested if the water type (distilled versus tap) in 15N urea solutions influences the level and variability of enrichment of plant seeds, and if increasing spraying frequency per se increases enrichment. Because droughts may lower seed set or kill plants, we wanted to investigate if the additional use of an externally applied anti‐transpirant affects the intake of externally applied 15N into seeds. The results demonstrate that 15N enrichment of seeds can facilitate dispersal experiments with wind‐dispersed plants. The use of distilled water in 15N urea solutions did not increase 15N enrichment compared to tap water. Further, enrichment was more efficient at lower spray frequencies. Both the use of tap water and low frequencies could lower time, effort and project costs. The results suggest that species can be protected from drought using an anti‐transpirant without decreasing the incorporation of 15N into seeds. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
NICOLAS RAY 《Molecular ecology resources》2005,5(1):177-180
pathmatrix is a tool used to compute matrices of effective geographical distances among samples using a least‐cost path algorithm. This program is dedicated to the study of the role of the environment on the spatial genetic structure of populations. Punctual locations (e.g. individuals) or zones encompassing sample data points (e.g. demes) are used in conjunction with a species‐specific friction map representing the cost of movement through the landscape. Matrices of effective distances can then be exported to population genetic software to test, for example, for isolation by distance. pathmatrix is an extension to the geographical information system (GIS) software arcview 3.x. 相似文献
6.
K. BUTLIN G. M. HEWITT 《Biological journal of the Linnean Society. Linnean Society of London》1987,31(4):301-310
Specimens of Chorthippus parallelus parallelus, C. p. erythropus, C. montanus, C. curtipennis and C. dorsatus were examined electrophoretically. This analysis indicates that C. curtipennis is very closely related to C. p. parallelus and C.p. erythropus (Nei's I = 0.97) while C. montanus is more distantly related ( I = 0.88). The values are consistent with divergence of C. p. erythropus from C. p. parallelus since its separation by the Pyrenean ice sheet during the Pleistocene and of C. curtipennis since invasion of North America by C. parallelus at the same time. A much earlier divergence of C. montanus is implied. 相似文献
7.
Summary The maximum density achievable by aquatic organisms is an inverse linear function of their body size. As a consequence, the maximum achievable biomass is independent of body size, and is 2 orders of magnitude higher than the biomass in natural populations. The minimum interorganismic terorganismic distance, calculated from the maximum density to allow comparison between aquatic and terrestrial organisms, scales as the 1/3 power of body size in both habitats. The similarities in the interorganismic distance of terrestrial and aquatic plant and animal communities suggest a fundamental regularity in the way organisms use the space. 相似文献
8.
Todd A. Crowl 《Hydrobiologia》1989,183(2):133-140
Laboratory experiments were performed in clear and turbid water to determine the effects of prey size, orientation, and movement on the reactive distance of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) when feeding on crayfish (Procambarus acutus). In clear water, the reactive distance increased linearly with an increase in prey size, and prey movement resulted in a significant increase in the reactive distance. Prey orientation (head-on versus perpendicular) did not change the reactive distances. In moderately turbid water, the reactive distance did not increase with increased prey size, and prey movement did not result in any changes in the reactive distance. The absence of any effects of prey orientation in clear water or prey movement in turbid water is inconsistent with results from studies using different species (primarily planktivorous fish). I propose that largemouth bass change their foraging tactics as prey visibility changes. When prey are highly visible (low turbidity), predators attack (react) only after prey recognition, which is based on multiple cues such as prey size (length, width) and movement. When prey are less visible (high turbidity), predators attack immediately upon initial prey sighting, which does not depend on prey size or movement. 相似文献
9.
B. Karmakar 《International Journal of Anthropology》1990,5(3):255-269
The paper deals with the bilateral palmar prints of 3000 males belonging to 20 Dhangar castes of Maharashtra which were analysed
(1) to compare the pattern of variation of palmar triradii with respect to other traits, (2) to examine the degree of similarity
between clusters based on dermatoglyphics anthropometry and genetic markers and (3) relating these similarities with their
ethnographic and geographic proximities.
The results of this study confirm the general presumptions, (a) that dermal traits, in general, and palmar characters, in
particular, do help in understanding the biologic/ethnic affinities among different groups both at macro and micro levels
and (b) the different types of traits, which are likely to be influenced by different genetic and/or environmental factors
give rise to different clustering patterns. 相似文献
10.
Using DNA clones, the physical distance between the linked genesnov andstr inHaemophilus influenzae was estimated. Although none of the cloned inserts contained both the markers, pJ1-8StrR 13 (insert of 18·7 kb) includedstr gene at one end and part ofnov gene at the other end of the insert. By EcoRI restriction analysis and by Southern hybridization, the distance between the
two EcoRI sites, cutting at which inactivates the two genes, was estimated to be 17·7 kb. A single continuous EcoRI fragment
(containing 4EcoRI sites within it) carrying both the genes intact would need to be 20·4 kb in size. These estimates were confirmed independently
using different clones ofnov
r andstr
r alleles as probes for hybridization with BamHI-digested chromosomal DNA. 相似文献